<p>Carolside is an estate by the Leader Water, in the Scottish Borders. It is located 1.5 km north of Earlston, in the former county of Berwickshire.</p><br>
<h2>The house and estate</h2><br>
<p>The late-18th-century house is a category B listed building, and is set in a former deer park. It was based on a design for Chesterfield House, Mayfair, London by the architect Isaac Ware. The drawing room contains a fireplace designed by Pietro Bossi, taken from Baronscourt, Co. Tyrone, around 1948.</p><br>
<p>The gardens include a national collection of pre-1900 Gallica roses, and are open to the public in July each year, as part of the Scotland&#39;s Gardens scheme.</p><br>
<p>Also on the estate is Park Bridge, a balustraded arch bridge linking the policies of Carolside House and those of Leadervale on the other side of the Leader. The bridge dates to the late 18th century, and has been compared with other bridges designed by Alexander Stevens and William Elliot.</p><br>
<p>Pinewoods is a traditional dance and music camp located at 80 Cornish Field Road, between Long Pond and Round Pond in Plymouth, Massachusetts, USA, on 31 acre of land.</p><br>
<p>The camp has several activity buildings and residential cabins which are occupied and used by visiting customers in the summer. Initially known as "Pine Tree Camp", it was founded in 1919 by Helen Osborne Storrow as the first National Girl Scout Leadership Training School. In 1933, the facility was converted for use as a dance camp. The name was changed to Pinewoods Camp in 1935. Storrow died in 1944, and left the property to Lily and Rick Conant, who operated the property until 1976. At that time its ownership was transferred to Pinewoods Camp, Inc., a non-profit that now runs the facility.</p><br>
<p>Each summer, Pinewoods Camp hosts over a dozen sessions, some of which are a week long, and others of which take place over a weekend. Each session features music and dancing educational programs for adults and is run by one of five Program Providers:</p><br>
<p>The Country Dance & Song Society</p><br>
<p>The Country Dance Society, Boston Centre</p><br>
<p>The Folk Arts Center of New England</p><br>
<p>The Folk Music Society of New York</p><br>
<p>Royal Scottish Country Dance Society, Boston Branch</p><br>
<p>Pinewoods Camp’s facilities include four open-sided dance pavilions (C#, C# minor, Ampleforth and Newbiggin), a dining hall and kitchen, a camp house, and rustic cabins for up to 140 campers (plus offices, staff housing, and support facilities). Three of the pavilions and the dining-hall/kitchen were renovated as part of a recent capital campaign and are handicapped accessible, though some other facilities are not.</p><br>
<p>Pinewoods was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Lads 2 Pinewoods.agr.jpgLads 2, a two person cabin</p><br>
<p>Pinewoods Main Hall.jpgDining hall and kitchen</p><br>
<p>Serving area Pinewoods Dining Hall.agr.jpgServing area in dining hall</p><br>
<p>Pinewoods intercom.agr.jpgIntercom system</p><br>
<p>Ducks on Long Pond.agr.jpgDucks invade the swimming area on Long Pond</p><br>
<p>Sunset Long Pond.agr.jpgSunset on Long Pond</p><br>
<p>The Harcuvar Mountains  are a narrow mountain range in western-central Arizona, USA. The range lies just east of the north-south Colorado River, and south of the east-west, west-flowing Bill Williams River, from Alamo Lake.</p><br>
<p>The range is part of a three-range sequence of mildly arc-shaped ranges, and two intermountain range valleys in the Maria fold and thrust belt, a region in western-central Arizona and southeast Southern California, with the Colorado River flowing south through the western part of the belt. The fold-and-thrust-belt region contains numerous plains, valleys, and mountain ranges, about 30 landforms in all.</p><br>
<p>The range is a narrow range about 25 mi long, and 5 mi wide, and trends southwest to northeast. The McMullen Valley is the southeast border of the range, and is traversed by USA Route 60.</p><br>
<p>Four peaks are found in the range; the highest peak is Smith Peak (Arizona), 5,242 ft in the northeast, but not easily accessible by road. In the southwest, is Harcuvar Peak, at 4,618 ft, accessible by unimproved road, via Cottonwood Pass. Two other peaks lie in the center of the range; one lies adjacent and north of Cunningham Pass, called ECC Peak, at 3,000 ft, and further northeast, ECP Peak, at 4,593 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Regional access</h2><br>
<p>One of the more important aspects of the Harcuvar Mountains is the major, and southern access route to Alamo Lake State Park approximately 30 mi upriver on the Bill Williams River. The access road is the southern access to the lake, about 30 miles of unimproved road. It begins at Wenden, Arizona and immediately climbs through the Harcuvars to Cunningham Pass. Another 24 miles traverses the Butler Valley&#39;s northeast, and the flatlands northeast of the Buckskin Mountains.</p><br>
<p>The entire southeast perimeter of the Harcuvar Mountains borders the McMullen Valley, with U.S Route 80. The series of communities starting at the southwest are Vicksburg, Hope, & Harcuvar, (also located south of a small range, the Granite Wash Mountains), then Salome, Wenden, and lastly after a 26 mi straight stretch, Aguila. At Aquila roads connect either northeast, or east to USA Route 93, the road to Kingman–Phoenix</p><br>
<h2>Three major thrust-faulted ranges</h2><br>
<p>The major mountain ranges that run southeast to northwest in the Maria fold and thrust belt region are, from north to south:</p><br>
<p>Buckskin Mountains</p><br>
<p>Butler Valley (Arizona)</p><br>
<p>Harcuvar Mountains</p><br>
<p>McMullen Valley</p><br>
<p>Harquahala Mountains</p><br>
<p>Some of the thirty landforms in the fold-and-thrust-belt listed in a circular path around these three ranges are: 1. NE, Alamo Lake State Park, NE Buckskin Mtns; 2. Access roads from USA Route 93, northwest, dirt, and southwest, Arizona State Route 71 terminating at Aguila, Arizona, at the northeast of the Harquahala&#39;s; 3. Southeast of the Harquahalas, three mountain ranges, and the Hassayampa and Harquahala Plains-(Harquahala Valley); 4. The southwest and west perimeter of the three ranges is the Bouse Wash Drainage; the drainage is in the Ranegras Plain, but two small ranges, and the Bouse Hills abut the perimeter as well; 5. The northwest abuts the Cactus Plain and the Cactus Plain Wilderness; 6. The northwest also has the Buckskin Mountains extending into a western section at the confluence of the Colorado and Bill Williams Rivers. Buckskin Mountain State Park is located here. 7. The Bill Williams River downstream from Alamo Lake State Park is the northern border of the three ranges, as well as the de facto border of fold-and-thrust-belt. The river is also a dividing line between the Mojave Desert north and northwest, and the Sonoran Desert, south and southeast; in California, the Colorado Desert subsection of the Sonoran Desert lies southwest.</p><br>
<p>The Buckskin Mountains, of Arizona, are a mountain range in west-central Arizona, USA. The range lies just east of the north-south Colorado River, and borders south of the east-west, west-flowing Bill Williams River.</p><br>
<p>The range is part of a three-range sequence of mildly arc-shaped ranges, and two intermountain valleys in the Maria fold and thrust belt, a region in western Arizona and southeast Southern California, with the Colorado River flowing south through the western part of the belt. The fold-and-thrust-belt region contains numerous plains, valleys, and mountain ranges, about 30 landforms in all.</p><br>
<p>The Buckskin Mountains also extend west into a section abutting the Colorado River. Buckskin Mountain State Park borders the south of the Bill Williams River.</p><br>
<h2>Buckskin Mountains: west, central, and southeast</h2><br>
<p>The southeast section of the Buckskin Mountains are part of a three-mountain range thrust-faulted system, with the Harcuvar and Harquahala Mountains. The highest peak in the section is Battleship Peak, 2,569 ft, at the southwest end, and directly northeast of Bouse in the Ranegras Plain, and the Bouse Wash Drainage.</p><br>
<p>The west end of the mountains abut the north-south Colorado River. Located here is the Gibraltar Mountain Wilderness, with Gibraltar Mountain, at 1,566 ft.</p><br>
<p>The entire north perimeter of the range is the Bill Williams River. Buckskin Mountain State Park is at its confluence in the northwest at the Colorado River. Abutting the Bill Williams in the center is the Swansea Wilderness; the northeast contains the Rawhide Mountains Wilderness on both sides of the river. The northeast of the range borders Alamo Lake State Park-(Alamo Lake), which also borders the Rawhide Mountains on the lake&#39;s northwest.</p><br>
<p>Another peak in the central-west, away from the range&#39;s east-west centerline, at the south is Planet Peak, at 3,141 ft. Planet Peak is directly adjacent at the northeast of the Cactus Plain and the Cactus Plain Wilderness. The most easily identifiable Peak is "Black Peak," at 1,594 ft to the South East. It is known to locals as "P Mountain" due to the large white "P" painted on its west side by the nearby town of Parker.</p><br>
<h2>Three major thrust-faulted ranges</h2><br>
<p>The major mountain ranges that are thrusted northwesterlly in the Maria fold and thrust belt region are, from north to south:</p><br>
<p>Buckskin Mountains</p><br>
<p>Butler Valley (Arizona)</p><br>
<p>Harcuvar Mountains</p><br>
<p>McMullen Valley</p><br>
<p>Harquahala Mountains</p><br>
<p>Some of the thirty landforms in the fold-and-thrust-belt listed in a circular path around these three ranges are: 1. NE, Alamo Lake State Park, NE Buckskin Mtns; 2. Access roads from USA Route 93, northwest, dirt, and southwest, Arizona State Route 71 terminating at Aguila, Arizona, at the northeast of the Harquahala&#39;s; 3. Southeast of the Harquahalas, three mountain ranges, and the Hassayampa and Harquahala Plains-(Harquahala Valley); 4. The southwest and west perimeter of the three ranges is the Bouse Wash Drainage; the drainage is in the Ranegras Plain, but two small ranges, and the Bouse Hills abut the perimeter as well; 5. The northwest abuts the Cactus Plain and the Cactus Plain Wilderness; 6. The northwest also has the Buckskin Mountains extending into a western section at the confluence of the Colorado and Bill Williams Rivers. Buckskin Mountain State Park is located here. 7. The Bill Williams River downstream from Alamo Lake State Park is the northern border of the three ranges, as well as the de facto border of fold-and-thrust-belt. The river is also a dividing line between the Mojave Desert north and northwest, and the Sonoran Desert, south and southeast; in California, the Colorado Desert subsection of the Sonoran Desert lies southwest.</p><br>
<p>Jewell Island is a small island in Casco Bay, Maine, United States. About 1 mi long from SW to NE, it is located off the coast of Cliff Island, an approximate 8-mile boat ride from downtown Portland, Maine. It is a state-owned island with a small but protected harbor as well as camping and walking paths. There are also World War II fire control towers on the island. Cocktail Cove is popular for kayaking and the Punchbowl located in the north east area of the island. The island is part of the city of Portland. Jewell Island can be reached by private boat any number water taxis including the Portland Express Water Taxi, and Atlantic Water Taxi ,</p><br>
<p>Casco Bay Water Taxi , and Casco Bay Custom Charters .</p><br>
<p>The island is rich in legend — tales are told of Captain Kidd cruising its coast and hiding treasure. The World War II bunkers are said to be haunted by soldiers, and the beaches by bootleggers. Several accounts of ghostly encounters can be heard in local towns.</p><br>
<p>During World War II the island included the Jewell Island Military Reservation. Three coastal artillery gun batteries were constructed on the island. The largest, although never completed, was Battery Construction Number (BCN) 202. It was designed for two 6-inch guns in shielded mounts that would be on the large concrete circles at each end of the battery. Positions for two Anti-Motor Torpedo Boat (AMTB) batteries with 90 mm guns were also constructed on Jewell Island. Each battery was authorized four 90 mm guns, two on fixed mounts and two on towed mounts. The guns were dual-purpose, able to fire against air or surface targets. The batteries were designated AMTB 967 and AMTB 968. The World War II construction was part a modernization of the Harbor Defenses of Portland, centered on Battery Steele on Peaks Island, which the fire control towers and SCR-296 radar on Jewell Island supported.</p><br>
<p>Bucklin Brook was a brook in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. It was 3 miles long and was at one time the source of drinking water for the city from a reservoir that was located at present day McCoy Stadium. The upper portion of the stream up to the stadium was buried in the 1930s to make room for development. The lower portion from the stadium to its mouth was buried in the 1960s because of an outbreak of polio. The brook still flows under the city.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>The brook begins behind the Stop & Shop on Cottage Street from a small wetland that is still above ground. From there it flows south through culverts through Oak Grove and Walnut Hill Cemeteries. It continues past the stadium and Dunnell Park near Prospect Heights, where the remains of an old bridge crossing are still visible. The stream comes out of the culvert and flows above ground for a short distance behind factories on Beverage Hill Ave, before entering the Seekonk River near Bishop&#39;s Bend. Unfortunately, the brook is in an industrial area when it is above ground, with very poor access.</p><br>
<h2>Revitalization</h2><br>
<p>Some citizens of Pawtucket have taken an interest in the brook. They would like to preserve the portions above ground as open space, and to look into the possibility of unearthing the stream in areas such as the cemeteries and Dunnell Park. The group hopes to grow and organize as the Bucklin Brook Association in the near future.</p><br>
<p>Butler Valley is a valley of the Maria fold and thrust belt in western Arizona, USA. It lies east of the Colorado River, and is south of the west-flowing Bill Williams River.</p><br>
<h2>Description of valley and region</h2><br>
<p>Butler Valley is one of the two valleys in a (major) three-mountain range, two-valley sequence. Other minor ranges are on the perimeters, but thirty landforms are part of the region. The valley drains southwesterly into the northwest flowing Bouse Wash Drainage. Cunningham Wash drains the valley southwest to meet with the Bouse. The valley also turns somewhat southwest to the north of the Harcuvar Mountains, where Cunningham Pass holds the 30-mile route, unimproved major access road to Alamo Lake State Park; the route traverses the Butler Valley in the northeast, then skirts the northeast of the Buckskin&#39;s to meet the south side of Alamo Lake.</p><br>
<p>The northeast third of the valley drains northeast from a water divide, then north to Alamo Lake only 10 mi distant; Cunningham Wash drains to the southwest. At the northeast end of the Buckskin Mountains, a basin forms attached to Butler Valley on the valley&#39;s northeast, and with the Black Mountains (Yavapai County) bordered northeast; southeast is another up-drainage basin attached to the northeast of the McMullen Valley, the Aguila Valley to the southeast, and at the southwest of the small range, the Date Creek Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>3 major thrust-faulted ranges</h2><br>
<p>The major mountain ranges that are thrusted northwesterly in the Maria fold and thrust belt region are, from north to south:</p><br>
<p>Buckskin Mountains</p><br>
<p>Butler Valley</p><br>
<p>Harcuvar Mountains</p><br>
<p>McMullen Valley</p><br>
<p>Harquahala Mountains</p><br>
<p>Some of the thirty landforms in the fold-and-thrust-belt listed in a circular path around these three ranges are: 1. NE, Alamo Lake State Park, NE Buckskin Mtns; 2. Access roads from USA Route 93, northwest, dirt, and southwest, Arizona State Route 71 terminating at Aguila, Arizona, at the northeast of the Harquahala&#39;s; 3. Southeast of the Harquahalas, three mountain ranges, and the Hassayampa and Harquahala Plains-(Harquahala Valley); 4. The southwest and west perimeter of the three ranges is the Bouse Wash Drainage; the drainage is in the Ranegras Plain, but two small ranges, and the Bouse Hills abut the perimeter as well; 5. The northwest abuts the Cactus Plain and the Cactus Plain Wilderness; 6. The northwest also has the Buckskin Mountains extending into a western section at the confluence of the Colorado and Bill Williams Rivers. Buckskin Mountain State Park is located here. 7. The Bill Williams River downstream from Alamo Lake State Park is the northern border of the three ranges, as well as the de facto border of fold-and-thrust-belt. The river is also a dividing line between the Mojave Desert north and northwest, and the Sonoran Desert, south and southeast; in California, the Colorado Desert subsection of the Sonoran Desert lies southwest.</p><br>
<p>The Louis Joliet Hotel is a historic, eight-story building in Joliet, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Classical Revival building was constructed in 1927 and initially functioned as a hotel. The Louis Joliet was one of many hotels to set up in downtown Joliet in response to increased automobile usage. The ensuing economical surge resulted in a substantial increase in the number of business travelers, and hence, an increased demand for hotel rooms. Whereas previous hotels needed to be close to either the Illinois and Michigan Canal or a train station, new hotels could set up anywhere in town. New hotels were architecturally ornate and featured dinner rooms and ballrooms. These features were intended to draw in travelers and make the hotel seem ideal for conducting business.</p><br>
<p>The Ruben Brothers were prominent developers who envisioned a new hotel near the site where they planned on building a theater. They aimed to construct an entire city block that served business and entertainment needs. The Rialto Square Theatre was constructed in 1926, but they struggled to secure financing for a hotel. Real estate developer Fred J. Walsh shared the Rubens&#39; interest in developing a hotel on the site and was able to issue stock to finance the project. At eight stories, the Joliet Hotel was among the largest buildings in downtown Joliet upon its completion in 1927. The 225-room building cost approximately $750,000, including over $135,000 on furniture. The first floor of the hotel featured stores selling coffee, cigars, and newspapers, as well as a barber shop and reading room. The outside of the building also featured eleven shops. The hotel also owned a parking garage and offered valet services to hotel guests.</p><br>
<p>By the 1950s, the demand for urban hotels was on the decline as they struggled to compete with smaller, cheaper motels along the highway. In 1964, the hotel was sold to the Active Order of Carmelites and was converted to a nursing home. In 1980, the hotel was remodeled and used as a performing arts center. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990 and was later converted into an apartment building.</p><br>
<p>The Rev. John Ely House is a historic house at 54 Milwaukee Avenue in Bethel, Connecticut. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, five bays wide, with a large central chimney, a side-gable roof, and a stone foundation. Its main entrance is centered on the front facade, and is sheltered by a Federal-style portico supported by slender columns, with a decorated soffit. The interior has retained significant amounts of original 18th-century woodwork. The house was built c. 1792, and is a well-preserved local survivor of the period. It is also noted for a succession of residents who played significant roles in the growth of Bethel during the 19th century, including two ministers and three businessmen, the latter including Oliver Shepard, a figure instrumental in the separation of Bethel as a separate town.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Episcopal Church in Chattanooga, Tennessee, is a downtown congregation of the Episcopal Church. It is one of the largest congregations in the Episcopal Diocese of East Tennessee.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>The congregation first assembled in 1852, when local Episcopalians held worship services on the second floor of a general merchandise store at 4th and Market Streets. The parish was organized the following year in a meeting of ten families.</p><br>
<h2>Church buildings</h2><br>
<p>The parish&#39;s first church building was at the corner of 8th and Chestnut. During the American Civil War, it was used as a military hospital and received serious damage. The building was repaired and returned to use in 1867 after the congregation received $3640 from the federal government as compensation for the damages. In 1880, the parish sold the property at 8th and Chestnut and acquired the property at 7th and Pine as the site for a new church.</p><br>
<p>The church&#39;s current building was built in 1881 It was designed by New York City architect William Halsey Wood. Its design, which features a prominent bell tower, was modeled after a "typical English village church". The sanctuary has a high wooden ceiling and side galleries; it can seat about 450 people. The bell tower holds 11 bells that were cast by the McShane factory in Baltimore and dedicated in 1911. Architectural historian Ron Ramsay has described the church exterior as having Georgian elements, while the interior is "much more Gothic and much more Victorian”. Wood used a similar design for churches in Kansas City and in La Crosse, Wisconsin. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Community service</h2><br>
<p>Since 1996, St. Pauls has housed a homeless shelter for women and children in the undercroft of its building, operated in collaboration with the Chattanooga Community Kitchen. St. Catherines Shelter can accommodate up to 14 people. It housed 276 women and 54 children during 2012. St. Pauls parishioners are also participants in a cooperative project that operates a mens shelter in the undercroft of the main building of the nearby Second Presbyterian Church. St. Matthews Mens Night Shelter started in 1984 as a winter-only emergency shelter for homeless men. It now operates year-round to provide overnight housing for men who are participating in a rehabilitative program, such as the program of the Chattanooga Community Kitchen.</p><br>
<p>Other community service activities include hosting a daily Alcoholics Anonymous group and participation in the Chattanooga Area Food Bank, Metropolitan Ministries, and other ministry groups. St. Paul&#39;s also serves as a field education site for the School of Theology of Sewanee: The University of the South.</p><br>
<p>The Charles H. Stickney House in Pueblo, Colorado, USA, was built in 1890. It was designed by New York architect William Halsey Wood, and Pueblo architect Frederick Albert Hale supervised its construction.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant "for its unusual Norman design uncommon in Pueblo, for its interesting use of materials, and for its association with Charles Stickney."</p><br>
<p>Features associated with Norman architecture are the two towers, the arched entrance, and its applied shingled detailing.</p><br>
<p>Charles H. Stickney (b. 1854) arrived in Colorado in 1880 and was a banker in Longmont. He sold his business there and moved to Pueblo in 1887. He joined Andrew McClelland in a business that year. He opened a new business, Charles H. Stickney Co. Investment Bankers, in 1892, which handled mortgage loans and bonds secured on Pueblo properties with corresponding bank First National Bank of Boston. In 1905 it added insurance and other services. He was active in the community, serving on the boards of the YWCA and the McLelland Library, and helping the First Congregational Church of South Pueblo build its church.</p><br>
<p>The Orman-Adams Mansion, across Colorado Avenue from the house, is also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Braddock Carnegie Library in Braddock, Pennsylvania, is the first Carnegie Library in the United States. As such, the library was named a National Historic Landmark in 2012, following its listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is on the Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation&#39;s List of Historic Landmarks.</p><br>
<h2>Design, Timeline and Building</h2><br>
<p>Designed by William Halsey Wood in eclectic medieval style, the library sits on property acquired by Andrew Carnegie with his wife in November, 1885, while existing evidence indicates that the design was approved in March, 1886. The building was dedicated by Carnegie in person at ceremonies on March 30, 1889. Circulation of books also began that month. An addition in more Richardson Romanesque style by Longfellow, Alden & Harlow (successors to HH Richardson) followed in 1893. (Another Halsey Wood design, Yaddo, presently an artists retreat/center in Saratoga Springs NY, is now also a National Historic Landmark.)</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie foundation provided a grant of $357,782 for its construction. (This figure is believed to reflect the total of the 1889 and 1893 structures). Like some of the other early Carnegie libraries, the building housed various recreational facilities for its users, including billiard tables on the first floor. (Carnegie was himself quite fond of billiards, which was quite fashionable at the time.) A bathhouse in the basement, originally accessed by a tunnel under the front entrance, provided Carnegie&#39;s millworkers with a place to shower (at a time when indoor plumbing was not the norm) before using the facilities. Now re-purposed as a pottery studio, the tiled walls and floor remain, suggesting its original purpose.</p><br>
<p>The 1893 addition approximately doubled the size of the building, and brought many further amenities not usually associated with a library, including a 964-seat Music Hall, a gymnasium, a swimming pool (beneath the Music hall), and a two-lane duckpin alley. At least in the early years, the athletic/recreational facilities were available to members of the "Carnegie Club" who paid a modest quarterly fee. Employees of any Carnegie-owned company received a 50% discount, which in 1903 amounted to $1/quarter.</p><br>
<p>Three sets of decorative cast-iron panels with elements that include a shield and oak leaves are located below the first-floor bay-front windows of the Halsey Wood façade. While design does not appear to contain any parts of the Braddock or Carnegie family crests, the Braddock family name derives from the Old English broad oak (English oak, Quercus robur) which has leaves similar to those in the panels. Two specimens of Q robur now flank the entryway steps.</p><br>
<h2>Demise</h2><br>
<p>The Library remained in continuous use from 1889 to 1974, when neglect of the structure and lack of funds for repair, particularly of the roof, forced its closure. It was slated for demolition in the late 1970s when a group of residents for whom the Library had represented a very positive influence in their youth, organized to save the structure. Calling themselves the Braddocks Field Historical Society and led by David Solomon, the last librarian, they purchased the building for $1 and took steps to secure the building and attend to the roof. (The Societys name refers to Braddock&#39;s Field, the colonial-era name of the area, relating to the Battle of the Monongahela fought on July 9, 1755, a few blocks away).</p><br>
<h2>Rebirth</h2><br>
<p>Initially re-opening a single room as a children&#39;s library in 1983, with kerosene heat, the Society slowly but steadily re-occupied the building. The wood-paneled gym was restored in the early 1990s, and the roof was restored to its original terracotta appearance in 1998, along with the interior walls of the Music Hall, which had suffered substantial water damage from the leaking roof.</p><br>
<p>May 17, 2013: Re-decking the floor of the Music Hall continues with completion of the West Bank. Ponderosa Pine flooring is being replaced with more durable hickory, matching the original curved pattern but adding 6"/row.</p><br>
<p>Prototype restored original 1893 Thos. Kane Co. seat showing wooden spacers on either side of the backrest, to widen the seat.</p><br>
<p>Currently, library services for adults have largely moved to the first floor, while a new Children&#39;s Library with dedicated staffing opened in March 2012 on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>In the basement space originally occupied by a bathhouse (for Carnegie&#39;s millworkers to clean up before entering upstairs spaces), the Bathhouse Ceramics Studio offers pottery lessons to the community.</p><br>
<p>Work on the Music Hall continues, with restoration of the floor and the original 1893 Thos. Kane Co. seats the current focus.</p><br>
<p>In October 2013, the Library inaugurated its Art Lending Collection, which enables patrons to borrow original artwork including life-sized puppets, as part of the 2013 Carnegie International Opening Weekend.</p><br>
<h2>In Pop Culture</h2><br>
<p>The building has been used in several cinematic productions. The earliest known, Tony Bubas music video from ~1982 of Frenchy Burritos cover of the Robert Johnson classic, Terraplane Blues, was filmed in the gymnasium. Subsequently, it has served as a Brooklyn police station in the TV movie, The Bride in Black (1990), with Susan Lucci and David Soul; as an orphanage in the TV movie, The Christmas Tree (1996), with Julie Harris, which was Sally Fields directorial debut; and as (separately) a museum and gymnasium in Shelter (2010), with Julianne Moore and Jonathan Rhys-Meyers. In early Dec 2014, the Library was the location for filming sequences of Dr. Bennet Omalus office in Concussion, with Will Smith and Albert Brooks.</p><br>
<p>The Oxford Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at Oxford, Indiana, USA. Its congregation originated as an offshoot of Central Presbyterian Church of Lafayette, Indiana. At the time of its establishment, there were two separate churches, First and Second Presabyterian Churches of Lafayette. In 1914, they merged as Central Presbyterian. The church was built in 1902 and is a 1½-story, Romanesque Revival style brick building with a gable / hipped roof. It features a three-story, square corner tower with a pyramidal roof.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Presbyterian Church Building in 1984.</p><br>
<p>The former church has been preserved as a community center and local history museum known as Oak Grove Heritage House.</p><br>
<p>Eldorado Valley, or El Dorado Valley, is a Great Basin valley in the Mojave Desert southeast of Las Vegas and southwest of Boulder City, Nevada. The valley is endorheic, containing the Eldorado Dry Lake. The Great Basin Divide, transects ridgelines and saddles, on the north, northeast, east, and south around the valley, as the valley sits on the east of the McCullough Range, a Great Basin massif, on the Great Basin Divide at its north teminus and its south terminus.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>The north end of the valley contains a large salt pan, or dry lake, Dry Lake or Eldorado Playa, while the southern two thirds drains northwards. USA Route 95 traverses eastern portions of the valley, and climbs steeply to meet USA Route 93, connecting Boulder City to Henderson.</p><br>
<p>The endorheic basin lies north of the Piute Wash Watershed, of the north-south Piute Valley. The Piute Wash drains south, then southeast to the Colorado River.</p><br>
<h2>Solar power</h2><br>
<p>Acciona Solar Power owns and operates a 64-megawatt concentrating solar thermal plant in the Eldorado Valley.</p><br>
<h2>Highland Range Crucial Bighorn Habitat</h2><br>
<p>A habitat nature reserve for the Desert Bighorn Sheep is located in the southern portion of the Eldorado Valley, named the Highland Range Crucial Bighorn Habitat. There are no public access routes into the habitat area, to protect the Bighorn.</p><br>
<p>Cane Hill College, originally Cane Hill School, was the first institution of higher learning in Arkansas. It operated in Canehill, Arkansas from 1834 until 1891.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Cane Hill School (1834-1858)</h3><br>
<p>Cumberland Presbyterians founded a school in Cane Hill, Arkansas at a meeting on October 28, 1834. The Cane Hill School opened in 1835 and served the Northwest Arkansas region until it was renamed and chartered as Cane Hill Collegiate Institute.</p><br>
<p>Cane Hill College became the third four-year institution in the state (after St. John&#39;s College and Arkansas College) on December 15, 1852 when an act was passed in the Arkansas Legislature. F. R. Earle ran the school from 1853 until its demise in 1891.</p><br>
<h3>Cane Hill College (1858-1891)</h3><br>
<p>Cane Hill College closed in 1861 during the American Civil War. After a Union victory at the Battle of Cane Hill in November 1862, federal soldiers occupied the town. In 1864, Union troops burned three of the four on-campus buildings. Only a dormitory survived. Cane Hill College reopened after the war and admitted its first female student in 1875 with the creation of the Female Department. The Female Department was absorbed into the rest of the college by 1877, and the college became coeducational.</p><br>
<p>Disaster struck the evening of October 10, 1885 when the entire college burned to the ground. Arson was suspected but never proven. The chartering of the new state college, Arkansas Industrial University in Fayetteville, was a crippling blow to Cane Hill College. It closed its doors forever in 1891.</p><br>
<h2>Today</h2><br>
<p>Canehill, Arkansas is now an unincorporated community in Northwest Arkansas. Only one building remains of Cane Hill College, the rebuilt school following the 1885 fire. After closing, the building was used by the Salem Congregation of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church for worship, then as a public school from 1919 to 1956. It is listed as "Cane Hill College Building" on the National Register of Historic Places. The Bell House is also still located on the old campus grounds. The Cumberland Presbyterians converted Cane Hill College into Arkansas Cumberland College and later University of the Ozarks, but college education never returned to Cane Hill.</p><br>
<h2>Alumni</h2><br>
<p>John Sebastian Little, member of the United States House of Representatives and the 21st Governor of the USA state of Arkansas</p><br>
<p>The Joliet East Side Historic District is a set of 290 buildings in Joliet, Illinois. Of these 290 buildings, 281 contribute to the historical integrity of the area. Joliet was founded in 1831, deemed an ideal place for a settlement to reap the local natural resources. Most importantly, large beds of limestone provided a strong economic incentive to develop the area. Several important structures were constructed with Joliet limestone, including the Old State Capitol and Chicago Water Tower. Joliet incorporated in 1852 and prospered due to its location on the Illinois and Michigan Canal.</p><br>
<p>James B. Campbell platted the first East Side property in 1834 and named it Juliet after his daughter. Two years later, Will County was formed and Juliet was chosen as the county seat. Citizens on the land renamed the area Joliet in 1845 after French explorer Louis Jolliet. Thirty-two houses were constructed on the East Side between 1852 and 1873. The area was sought after because of its proximity to the railway station. The first mayor of Joliet, Cornelius Van Horn, built his residence here in 1852. Van Horn&#39;s son William became a magnate in the Canadian railroad industry.</p><br>
<p>By 1873, the East Side had a reputation as the most prestigious in the city. The region was anchored by the Jacob A. Henry Mansion; Henry was a wealthy railroad tycoon. The first churches in the area, the Central Presbyterian Church and the Richards Street Methodist Church, were built soon afterward. Commerce flourished on Washington street after a row of commercial structures were constructed. However, the area was hit particularly hard by the Great Depression. Many mansions, including the Jacob A. Henry Mansion, were converted into boarding houses or funeral parlors. The east side failed to recover from the depression; remaining houses were converted into multiple-family homes or abandoned. The construction of Interstate 80 in the 1960s revitalized Washington Street, but did little for the residential areas. In 1975, Joliet financed a program to assist East Side home owners to rehabilitate their homes. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Selected structures of significance</h2><br>
<p>Joliet selected fifty-one sites and structures of particular value to exemplify the historical merit of the district. Most of the records concerning the dates of the contributing buildings were lost in a fire in 1912.</p><br>
<p>Commercial Row (1875–1886) - Late Victorian storefronts with Greek Revival and Italianate details. The stores originally hosted bakeries, hardware stores, and other important services.</p><br>
<p>Fisher Home (built between 1887 and 1891) - Queen Anne residence</p><br>
<p>Jacob A. Henry House (1871) - Second Empire and Italianate residence. The house was the most expensive in Will County at the time of its construction. It is listed separately on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Salter Homme (1887) - Second Empire residence with an Eastlake porch.</p><br>
<p>Julius W. Folk Home (1873) - Vernacular residence with Greek Revival and Italianate details. It was the first home to Jacob A. Henry. Folk was a contractor for Henry&#39;s railroads and married into the family.</p><br>
<p>Central Presbyterian Church (1895) - Gothic Revival church constructed with limestone donated by Jacob A. Henry.</p><br>
<p>Akin Home (built before 1898) - Edward C. Akin was a founder of the Joliet Valparaiso Railroad Company. He later served at Illinois State Attorney, Illinois Attorney General, and mayor of Joliet. House has been altered with vinyl siding.</p><br>
<p>Goodspeed Home (built before 1877) - Italianate residence</p><br>
<p>G. Ducker Home (built between 1890 and 1896) - Unusual building with Ionic columns and Classical Revival elements. George Ducker founded the Ducker Dry Goods Store. His daughter married Robert Stanton Baum, second son of L. Frank Baum, author of The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.</p><br>
<p>Heggie Home (built before 1898) - Italianate residence. James Heggie founded the Heggie Manufacturing Company, producing boilers. He later served as Joliet City Councilman.</p><br>
<p>105-107 Eastern Avenue (built before 1898) - Vernacular and Georgian Revival residence.</p><br>
<p>Woodruff Home/Brown Lincoln Hotel (1905) - Originally the house of George Woodruff, who was President of the First National Bank. He abolished private banks in Illinois in 1911, and assisted USA Senators with composing the Federal Reserve Act. He also founded the Illinois State Chamber of Commerce. The residence was later converted into a hotel.</p><br>
<p>Rubens Home (built before 1898) - Louis M. Rubens built several theaters in Joliet, including the Rubens Rialto Square Theater, the first in Illinois to show motion pictures with sound. The house is noted for its Prairie School influences.</p><br>
<p>205 Eastern Avenue (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence.</p><br>
<p>Phelps Home (built before 1873) - Italiante residence. Egbert Phelps was a USA Army veteran and attorney. He worked to establish the Joliet Public Library.</p><br>
<p>Dr. Werner Home (built between 1890 and 1896) - Residence with Romanesque Revival features.</p><br>
<p>Dibell Home (built before 1898) - Dorrence Dibell was a circuit court judge and later elected to the Illinois Appellate Court. The house was later sided.</p><br>
<p>Snapp Home (built before 1873) - Henry Snapp was the United States Assessor and served on the Illinois Senate before being elected to the United States House of Representatives, where he served for one term (1871–1873).</p><br>
<p>Dr. Dougall Home (built before 1877) - Queen Anne residence. Dougall was the Chief Surgeon of the Illinois and Michigan Canal Division. His office is now a museum in Lockport.</p><br>
<p>212 Eastern Avenue (built between 1898 and 1924) - Residence with Adam style and Georgian Revival elements.</p><br>
<p>Barr Home (built before 1898) - Vernacular residence. George Barr was an attorney who practiced with his brother, Illinois Senator Richard Barr, and became one of the most successful practices in the state. George Barr also served as mayor of Joliet, State Attorney, and as a trustee for the University of Illinois</p><br>
<p>Van Horn Home (1852) - Vernacular residence. Home to Cornelius Van Horne, the first mayor of Joliet, and William Cornelius Van Horne, who built the Canadian Pacific Railway through the Canadian Rockies.</p><br>
<p>303 Richards (built before 1898) - Georgian Revival residence with Ionic columns</p><br>
<p>121 Union (built before 1898) - Vernacular residence</p><br>
<p>Barber Home (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence. William C. Barber was mayor of Joliet from 1915-1923.</p><br>
<p>Bates Home (built before 1898) - Gothic Revival residence. William O. Bates founded the Bates Machine Company, which produced tracked vehicles.</p><br>
<p>Maue Home (built before 1898) - Queen Anne, Gothic Revival, and Stick-Eastlake residence. August Maue was a school principal and author.</p><br>
<p>209 Bartleson (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence</p><br>
<p>A. J. Bates Home (built before 1898) - Residence of no particular style. Bates as an inventor who created the Bates Woven Wire Fence Machine for use in steel mills.</p><br>
<p>G. Julian Barnes Home (1890) - Richardsonian Romanesque residence. Barnes was an architect who designed many Joliet homes, including his own.</p><br>
<p>320 Richards (built between 1910 and 1924) - Mission Revival Style residence</p><br>
<p>King Home (1889) - Substantially altered Queen Anne residence. J. P. King was a California Gold Rush prospector who later operated a lumber business.</p><br>
<p>M. Calmer Home (built before 1887) - Italianate residence with Greek Revival elements designed by James Weese. Michael Calmer was a dry goods merchant and later president of the Will County National Banka and Joliet Sheet Rolling Mill Co.</p><br>
<p>Snapp Home (1898) - Georgian Revival residence designed by C. W. Webster. Howard M. Snapp served as a Republican in the United States House of Representatives from 1903 to 1911.</p><br>
<p>Morrison Home (built between 1890 and 1896) - Altered Queen Anne residence. Robert J. Morrison was a colonel in the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>Hill Home (built before 1877) - Italianate residence with Greek Revival features. Hill served as State Attorney.</p><br>
<p>Washington Junior High School (1898) - Collegiate Gothic school designed by C. W. Webster</p><br>
<p>23 Eastern (c. 1859) - Altered Italianate residence with Greek Revival details.</p><br>
<p>110 Union (built before 1898) - Residence with Gothic Revival features.</p><br>
<p>208-210 Lincoln (built between 1900 and 1924) - Residence of no particular style</p><br>
<p>Alpline Home (c. 1884) - Queen Anne residence</p><br>
<p>117-119 Eastern (built before 1898) - Vernacular residence with Italianate and Greek Revival details.</p><br>
<p>207 Eastern (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence with Classical Revival elements</p><br>
<p>Richards Street Methodist Church (1890) - Gothic and Romanesque Revival church designed by J. H. Barnes.</p><br>
<p>208-110 Osgood (built between 1898 and 1924) - Georgian Revival residence</p><br>
<p>216-218 Eastern (built between 1910 and 1924) - Spanish Colonial Revival residence</p><br>
<p>306 Union (built before 1898) - Vernacular residence with Italianate and Greek Revival elements</p><br>
<p>Wagner Home (built before 1898) - Vernacular residence with Greek Revival elements</p><br>
<p>315 Sherman (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence</p><br>
<p>308-310 Richards (built before 1898) - Queen Anne residence</p><br>
<p>Java-eiland  is a neighbourhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is located on a peninsula, surrounded on three sides by water and on the east by the KNSM Island neighbourhood.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The peninsula was created by dredging water at the end of the 19th century and was used for shipping services. The Stoomvaart Maatschappij Nederland was located here which ran services to the Dutch East Indies. After the Second World War and the 1945 independence of Indonesia, trade nearly came to a standstill. In the 1980s, squatters, artists and the homeless had taken over many of the buildings in the area. The name "Java Island" was given to the area when it was designated for housing in the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s the area was transformed into residential units according to a master plan by Amsterdam architect Sjoerd Soeters. Except for one building owned by port authorities, all the old buildings were razed. As for transport, tram line 10 terminates at Azartplein (Azart Square), on the eastern edge of Java-eiland.</p><br>
<p>Notable architecture includes four small canals with post-modernist canal houses from various architects, cycle and pedestrian bridges by Guy Rombouts and Monica Droste, and at the Azartplein two building by the Swiss architectural firm Diener & Diener.</p><br>
<p>Kučaj  is a mountain range in eastern Serbia. Its highest peak, Velika Tresta has an elevation of 1,284 meters above sea level. They belong to the Serbian extension of Carpathians, which separate the valleys of Great Morava and Timok.</p><br>
<p>The area is a plateau in form, of complex tectonic and morphological structure, subdivided by the river valleys. One of the main features is the Resava Cave. North of Resava Cave is the natural monument Lisine, which comprises two waterfalls, Veliko Vrelo and Veliki Buk. The Lisine hydro-complex and Resava Cave are under one administration. In 2017 the Government of Serbia and Institute for Nature Protection began preliminary actions into creating a new national park, which would cover the mountainous Kučaj-Beljanica region. It is supposed to be the sixth and the largest national park in Serbia encompassing the Resava Cave, Lisine complex and some of the oldest, intact forest in the country, like the Vinatovača rainforest, which remained intact since the mid 17th century.</p><br>
<p>Veliki Buk (or Lisine) waterfall is located in the watershed of the Resava River in east Serbia. It is carved in the karst area, where the sinking river of Resava springs again from the ground in the canyon-type valley of Sklop. The waters springs from the karst spring Veliko Vrelo, forming a short stream of the same name which falls into the Resava. With the height of 25 m, it was considered the highest waterfall in Serbia until the 1990s when the higher waterfalls were discovered on the Kopaonik and in the Visok region of the Stara Planina. The waterfall is situated at an altitude of 450 m and 20 km east of Despotovac. It is formed on the tufa rocks and the water falls into the 5 m deep lake. In August 2017 the waterfall was embellished with the color-changing decorative lights, becoming the first hydrology object in Serbia with such lights. The access roads are arranged with several restaurants but as of 2017 there is no mobile phone signal in the area, which the local tourist guides say is "probably a positive thing". There is also an stream water mill, "Mija&#39;s watermill" within the complex. It is built in 1918 and is still operational, though it is adapted into the tourist attraction, equipped with the objects from the century ago.</p><br>
<p>Medvednik  is a mountain in western Serbia, near the town of Valjevo. Its highest peak has an elevation of 1,247 meters above sea level.</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Pogled ka Toletini i vrhu Medvednika.jpgMountain Medvednik in winter</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Selo Mijači (Kneževići) - Detalj.jpgMountain Medvednik in winter</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - selo Rebelj - zapadna Srbija - Rebeljska reka detalj 1.JPGMountain Medvednik in winter</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Zapadna Srbija - istočni obronci Medvednika - selo Rebelj - Rajića kapija - Pogled prema selu Rebelj.jpgMountain Medvednik, village Rebelj</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Zapadna Srbija - istočni obronci Medvednika - mesto Kozila - Medvedničko platno 1.jpgWest side of the mountain Medvednik</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Zapadna Srbija - istočni obronci Medvednika - mesto Kozila - Medvedničko platno 2.jpgWest side of the mountain Medvednik</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Zapadna Srbija - istočni obronci Medvednika - mesto Kozila - Pogled prema Orovačkim planinama.jpgWest side of the mountain Medvednik and the mountain Orovica</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Zapadna Srbija - istočni obronci Medvednika - selo Rebelj - Rajića kapija - Planinarski dom.jpgVillage Rebelj - Mountain Lodge</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - mesto Kozila - pogled na planinu Medvednik 2.jpgWest side of the mountain Medvednik - Place Kozila</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Pogled ka severu na selo Drenajic.jpgMountain Medvednik - village Drenaic</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Pogled sevrne obronke planine Medvednik 4.jpgTop of the mountain Medvednik</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Pogled sevrne obronke planine Medvednik 6.jpgMountain Medvednik in summer</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - selo Rebelj - Pogled prema centru sela 4.jpgMountain Medvednik in summer - village Rebelj</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Dolina Velike i Male reke u jesen 5.jpgThe surroundings of rivers Rebelj, Mala reka and Velika reka</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - mesto Rebelj - Jesenji detalj 5.jpgVillage Rebelj in autumn</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Na putu ka vrhu planine Jablanik 10.jpgMountain Medvednik in autumn</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Na putu ka vrhu planine Jablanik 5.jpgMountain Medvednik in autumn</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - selo Rebelj - Pogled prema dolini reke Kolubare 101.jpgThe river Kolubara valley</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Reka Zavojšnica - Detalj 4.jpgThe Zavojsnica river</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - Reka Zavojšnica - Detalj 5.jpgThe Zavojsnica river</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - Bebica Luka - Kompleks.jpgThe ethno complex Bebica Luka in winter</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - selo Vujinovača - mesto Bebića Luka 1.jpgThe ethno complex Bebica Luka in summer</p><br>
<p>Medvednik - zapadna Srbija - selo Vujinovača - manastir Pustinja.jpgThe monestery Pustinja</p><br>
<p>The Piute Wash of extreme southeastern Nevada and northeast San Bernardino County California is the south-flowing drainage of the Piute Valley. The wash and valley are located northwest of Needles, California.</p><br>
<p>The Piute Wash Drainage and Piute Valley drains the eastern flank of the north-south Piute Range; the main wash drains portions of the northwest Newberry Mountains. The wash hugs the eastern portion of the Piute Valley, and in the southeast of the valley, the wash skirts the west of the Dead Mountains, then traverses the southwest and south perimeter of the Dead Mountains, then descends steeply toward its outfall into the Colorado River in California adjacent Needles. I-40 also descends steeply in this stretch down to Needles.</p><br>
<p>The Piute Valley and Wash are north-south trending as are the mountains bordering west and east; the wash&#39;s abrupt traverse east to its outfall is about an 8 mi stretch.</p><br>
<h2>South Piute Valley</h2><br>
<p>Southern portions of the wash receive some north flowing drainages from the north of the Sacramento Mountains. Also, west of the western perimeter Piute Range of Piute Valley, the Sacramento Wash (Clark County, Nevada) flows south, with the Fenner Valley in the northwest. The Sacramento Wash then turns east to join the Piute Wash. In the southwest a water divide separates the Ward Valley draining southwestwards into San Bernardino County.</p><br>
<h2>Piute Wash Watershed</h2><br>
<p>The Piute drainage is west of the Colorado River and Lake Mohave. A narrow drainage from the Newberry and Dead Mountains drain into the Havasu-Mohave Lakes Watershed.</p><br>
<p>To the north of the Piute Wash Watershed and Searchlight is the north-flowing Eldorado Valley, an endorheic basin that forms a dry lake.</p><br>
<p>Cal-Nev-Ari, Nevada is in the northern third of the valley. The elevation of Piute Wash outfall at the Colorado River, just north of Needles, is 488 ft.</p><br>
<p>The Conyers Residential Historic District is an irregularly-shaped historic district in Conyers, Georgia, the only city in Rockdale County, Georgia, located 24 miles east of Atlanta. The district&#39;s development dates from the 1840s.</p><br>
<p>It has examples of high style architecture, including the Pierce Home Place (c. 1840s) Greek Revival style, at 988 Milstead Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Atlanta architect Neel Reid designed the Langford House (1913, see photo 1), at 900 Main Street, which has a mix of Classical Revival and Italian Renaissance styles. It has identical side porches and a front porch with a columned portico.</p><br>
<p>Atlanta architect Willis Denny designed the Methodist church (1902, see photo 35), Late Gothic Revival, in red brick.</p><br>
<p>The district has three other churches:</p><br>
<p>Presbyterian Church (1918, see photo 35), Late Gothic Revival, with granite veneer,</p><br>
<p>Macedonia Baptist Church (1925, see photo 26), Late Gothic Revival, with granite veneer, and</p><br>
<p>Baptist Church (1938, see photo 9), has elements of Classical Revival, red brick, which has a columned portico main entrance.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. It was deemed significant for its architecture and in the area of community planning and development, the latter "because it reflects how a small railroad town grew to accommodate not only the railroad but also the major roads leading to other nearby towns. It was this irregular growth, rather than a planned grid pattern, which became the core of this district. The district developed in a radiating pattern from the wedge-shaped central business district. Railroad, Main, and Milstead are the three main arteries where development occurred."</p><br>
<p>In 1990, the district included 120 contributing buildings, one other contributing structure, and 16 non-contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>Buildings at 104-116 West Water St. were a set of historic commercial buildings located at Elmira in Chemung County, New York. They included a 3-story, four-bay building ; a -story, 14-bay Second Empire style building built about 1870 ; and a 2-story, five-bay Streamline Moderne building . The building at 104 W. Water was built in 1934 as an S. S. Kresge variety store.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.</p><br>
<p>Two of the buildings were deemed to be safety hazards and demolished in 2014 after failed attempts to renovate them. During this demolition an adjacent building was damaged and it and the third building were subsequently demolished in 2015, opening up a half-acre parcel for potential development.</p><br>
<p>The Joliet YMCA is a historic building in Joliet, Illinois, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Joliet YMCA was founded in April 1882. Like other chapters, the Joliet YMCA promoted the health and welfare based on Christian principles. Their first building was on Clinton Street, but struggled to remain financially viable. It was closed in 1901, and the building was sold to cover debts. In the 1920s, the Illinois YMCA again wanted to place a building in Joliet. The plan for a new building came at a time of great prosperity for Joliet in the Roaring Twenties. A fund-raising campaign raised the $450,000 required to cover the building expenses, with $200,000 from the United States Steel Corporation.</p><br>
<p>The seven-story building was designed by the sons of Daniel H. Burnham. Though never matching the success of their father, the Burnham brothers designed several buildings, most notably the Carbide & Carbon Building. The YMCA opened on September 30, 1928. Several groups occupied the building, including Rotary Club, Lions Club, and Boy Scouts of America. Use of the facility for women was initially limited, but in 1933 a Woman Division annex was proposed for the building. The Great Depression put these plans on hiatus and the wing was not added until 1950.</p><br>
<p>The Cementerio Municipal de Mayagüez, also known as Cementerio Viejo, was constructed in 1876 in Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. It was designed by the municipal architect Félix Vidal d’Ors following the master plan for the city from 1804. The outskirts of the cemetery are defined by brick walls and niches, the area is divided by two streets that intersect. Following an 1872 law the cemetery provided separated areas intended for non-Catholics and for the poor, located in the east.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. The listing includes two contributing buildings, one contributing site, and five other contributing structures.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Alicia Moreda, actress/comedian</p><br>
<p>Juan Mari Bras, founder of the Movimiento Pro Independencia and the modern Puerto Rican Socialist Party</p><br>
<p>María Luisa Arcelay, educator, businesswoman and politician</p><br>
<p>Mon Rivera musician</p><br>
<p>Juancho Bascarán, mayor of Las Marias, fought in the Spanish–American War</p><br>
<p>Mariano Riera Palmer, mayor of Mayaguez</p><br>
<p>The Upper Bluff Historic District is a set of 616 buildings in Joliet, Illinois. Of these 616 buildings, 517 contribute to the historical integrity of the area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The oldest building in the district is the Campbell House, erected around 1850. The property was owned by Charles Reed, who operated a grist mill on the Des Plaines River. Campbell enjoyed the view from the bluff overlooking the rest of the growing city. He later sold the property to Joseph Campbell, who constructed a mansion on the site. Following his death, his wife Barbara Campbell held on to the property until forced to subdivide it in 1863 to alleviate the tax burden. This became the first subdivision in the histori district. Charlotte Anne Strong further divided the properties, taking particular care in preserving the environment.</p><br>
<p>Only a few houses were constructed in the district in the next thirty-five years. The Italianate Fox House was constructed in 1885 and may have attracted other residents to the area. Eleven houses were built on the Upper Bluff from 1888 through 1889, a trend that would continue through the 1890s. Joliet flourished in the early 20th century, further attracting residents to the region. The main commercial district was along Bluff Street, on the west side of the Des Plaines River. Upper Bluff&#39;s proximity to the commercial district likely influenced a period of growth of neighborhoods similar to the Joliet East Side Historic District. Some East Side families relocated to the Upper Bluff as pollution from industrial growth in the east increased. The demand for housing was large enough as to attract multiple-family dwellings on the west half of the district. However, Joliet was hit hard by the Great Depression in the 1930s, hampering further development. The Upper Bluff Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 5, 1991.</p><br>
<p>Jolly Upper Bluff HD 4.JPG</p><br>
<p>Jolly Upper Bluff HD 6.JPG</p><br>
<p>Jolly Upper Bluff HD 8.JPG</p><br>
<p>Jolly Upper Bluff HD 9.JPG</p><br>
<p>The Piute Valley is a 45 mi north–south valley southeast of Las Vegas, Nevada, and northwest of Needles. The north of the valley is at Searchlight, with some of the valley extending northwest from Searchlight. At the center-north lies Cal-Nev-Ari, Nevada.</p><br>
<p>The second valley southeast of Las Vegas borders to the north, the endorheic Eldorado Valley, with its dry lake. The next watershed north is the Las Vegas Wash Watershed.</p><br>
<p>The northeast portion of the Mojave National Preserve makes up the northwestern region of the Piute Valley, at a four-valley water divide point.</p><br>
<p>The Piute Valley Watershed is the first watershed southeast of Las Vegas&ndash;Lake Mead to meet the Colorado River; the Piute Wash outfall with the Colorado River is in California at Needles. The mountain ranges south of Lake Mead, bordering the river and Lake Mohave are part of the Havasu-Mohave Lakes Watershed.</p><br>
<h2>Piute Valley description</h2><br>
<p>Piute Valley is a 45 mi valley, and about 10 mi wide at its southern end. It is drained by Piute Wash with the wash turning easterly at the south to join the Colorado River at Needles. The valley is bordered by three mountain ranges, all north–south ranges, with the Piute Range to the west. To the northeast is the Newberry Mountains, and to the southeast is the Dead Mountains range, where Piute Wash borders its southwest and south perimeter.</p><br>
<p>Searchlight is at the north of the valley, with a 5 mi grade of USA Route 95 in Nevada north of Searchlight to the beginning of the Eldorado Valley. USA 95 is the route traversing the Piute Valley north–south, connecting at the south to the east–west Interstate 40 in California and the northern foothills of the Sacramento Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>4-Valley water divide, endorheic Mohave National Preserve</h2><br>
<p>The southern end of the extensive McCullough Range converges with four valleys and three mountain ranges. West of the McCulloughs lie the endorheic Roach and Ivanpah Dry Lakes of Ivanpah Valley; the valley extends north into Las Vegas southwest, a tributary to the Las Vegas Wash. Ivanpah Valley turns southeast to meet the water divide point. Northeast of the water divide point is the southwest Eldorado Valley, also endorheic with its Eldorado Dry Lake. Southwest the Piute Valley drains south, then Piute Wash turns east and descends steeply at the Dead Mountains to its outfall at the Colorado River and Needles.</p><br>
<p>The Mojave National Preserve is mostly endorheic with the west bordering on Baker, California, and the twin dry lakes of Silver Dry Lake and Soda Dry Lake. The northeast preserve corner is anchored by the water divide point. The northeast borders of the New York and smaller Castle Mountains meet the north of the Piute Range; to the west of the Piute&#39;s, east of the New York Mountains is the southerly draining endorheic Lanfair Valley.</p><br>
<p>The Piute Valley Watershed is the first major watershed southeast of Las Vegas to drain into the western side of the south-flowing Colorado River.</p><br>
<p>Though Piute Wash drains Piute Valley, the entire watershed includes Sacramento Wash (California) which covers an equivalent area west of the north–south Piute Range, and drains the Lanfair Valley and surrounding mountain ranges.</p><br>
<p>Tinaga is an island located in the municipality of Vinzons, Camarines Norte in the Philippines. It is one of the two major islands in the Calaguas Group of Islands, about eight kilometers long. Tinaga island is famous for its long white sand beach called Mahabang Buhangin, which literally means "long beach". The beach is becoming popular among backpackers and campers from Manila and elsewhere.</p><br>
<h2>Beaches of Tinaga Island</h2><br>
<p>Mahabang Buhangin (long beach) is the most popular beach to campers and backpackers at Tinaga Island. The beach offers powdery white sands comparable to that of Boracay island in Malay, Aklan.</p><br>
<h2>Transportation</h2><br>
<p>The island is accessible only by outrigger boat from Daet, Vinzons or Paracale. The island is less developed in terms of road infrastructure, so walking is common among local people. A wharf is located at the center in the village of Mangcawayan.</p><br>
<p>St. Peters by-the-Sea Episcopal Church, also known as St. Peters by the Sea or St. Peters Episcopal Church, is a historic church building at 611 Lincoln Street in Sitka, Alaska. It is a Gothic Revival structure, built of stone and wood, with a modest bell tower topped by a pyramidal roof. The basement and more than half of the main floors height are fieldstone with timbered elements, above which is wood framing clad in wooden shingles. Three stone buttresses line the side of the church, separating four rectangular windows with half-round windows directly above. The rose window of the church includes a Star of David. The church was built in 1899, and was the first substantial Episcopal church in Sitka, which had previously held services in smaller locations.</p><br>
<p>The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (as "St. Peter&#39;s Church") in 1978. The adjoining See House is separately listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>St. Aloysius&#39; Catholic Church is a historic Roman Catholic church in Carthagena, an unincorporated community in Marion Township, Mercer County, Ohio, United States. Built in the late nineteenth century, it remains the home of an active parish, and it has been designated a historic site because of its well-preserved architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Early parish history</h2><br>
<p>Local Catholics began to purchase large amounts of land in Cathagena from Black people in 1856; the parish grew strong enough to establish a school and a cemetery in 1860, and St. Aloysius&#39; Church was canonically erected in 1865. In their earliest years, the people worshipped in the chapel of the adjacent St. Charles Seminary. and provided pastors for the church.</p><br>
<p>As its membership grew, the parish decided to construct a church building. Plans were laid and construction began in 1875; the cornerstone was laid in May 1877, and the church was consecrated on June 30, 1878; the parishioners had performed the construction work themselves. Under the pastorate of Gregory Jüssel, the church was greatly modified in the summer of 1905; only the tower and three of the walls remain from the original structure.</p><br>
<h2>Church building</h2><br>
<p>St. Aloysius Church is a Gothic Revival structure, five bays long and three bays wide, and officially one story high. Built of brick, laid in a stretcher bond, the walls rest on a foundation of stone rubble from Piqua, which includes a basement. A gabled roof of asphalt covers the rectangular church, which measures 85 ft long and 45 ft wide. One of the churchs most prominent architectural elements is its tower: equipped with a white-painted wooden belfry and a tall spire, the tower rests on its own walls, 2 ft thick. The entire building cost approximately $7,500 to erect; much of this amount was donated by other nearby parishes. Inside, the church&#39;s sanctuary includes elements such as white-painted altars and multiple sizes of pews: large pews for adults, and miniature pews for children. The interior is lit partially by many large stained glass windows; added more than 25 years after the church was completed, these windows were purchased by individual families within the parish.</p><br>
<p>Few elements of the church are original from the 1870s. The middle of 1905 saw the completion of a wide range of alterations, including the removal of the original interior, the addition of a sacristy, the placement of the present stained glass windows, and the expansion of the sanctuary.</p><br>
<p>Architectural historians have divided the Precious Blood-related churches of western Ohio into four generations. Most of the first-generation churches were small frame structures; only four of these buildings (three of which are brick) — have survived; two have been converted for other purposes, one has been greatly modified, and only St. Johns Church in Fryburg remains in a condition resembling its original state. St. Aloysius is a member of the second generation of churches, which comprises the buildings completed between 1865 and 1885. Most of these buildings were simple brick structures with small bell towers; conversely, St. Aloysius was the first church in the region to be designed with a tall tower. Its construction was a turning point in the ecclesiastical architecture of the region: after its construction, most of the areas churches were modified by the construction of similar towers, and later structures were generally designed likewise. Furthermore, Anton DeCurtins&#39; commission to design the church at Carthagena, where he lived, led to similar requests from many other parishes: the churches of the third generation, built between 1885 and 1905, were characteristically large brick High Gothic Revival structures, dominated by tall towers, and designed by Anton or his sons.</p><br>
<h3>Stained glass windows</h3><br>
<p>The church interior is adorned with Munich-style stained glass windows. The windows depict the life of the church patron saint, Aloysius Gonzaga, saints associated with other places having names similar to "Carthagena", and saints revered in German culture.</p><br>
<p>St. Aloysius receives the first Holy Communion from the hand of St. Charles Borromeo.</p><br>
<p>St. Aloysius is surprised by his parents in prayer.</p><br>
<p>St. Florian, Soldier and Martyr, Patron against fire hazard.</p><br>
<p>St. Isidore Archbishop of Seville, 636. Born 560 in Cartagena, Spain.</p><br>
<p>St. Notburga Virgin and Maid Servant. Died 1313.</p><br>
<p>St. Perpetua, Mother and Martyr, 202 in Carthage, Africa.</p><br>
<p>St. Peter Claver teaches the Negro slaves in Cartagena, South America.</p><br>
<p>St. Deacon Lawrence hears of his approaching death from St. Pope Sixtus.</p><br>
<h2>Related properties</h2><br>
<p>Two school buildings — one frame and one brick — were built approximately 0.5 mi west of the church. These buildings were built for the Black community that lived in Carthagena before the current parish was in the area. In order to better serve the parish school, a house was erected for the nuns who taught there after they left the seminary building. Many parishes in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati constructed rectories for their pastors in accord with an archiepiscopal directive in the early twentieth century; however, this was not necessary for St. Aloysius&#39; Church, as its pastors always resided at the seminary. Moreover, two cemeteries are located in close proximity to the church: the original Black cemetery, near USA Route 127 west of the church, and the parish cemetery, between the Black cemetery and the church.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<h3>Recognition</h3><br>
<p>Architectural historians from the Ohio Historical Society surveyed St. Aloysius Church in 1977 as part of a historic preservation effort known as the "Ohio Historic Inventory." This survey revealed that the churchs interior was in good condition and its exterior in excellent condition; the only likely threats to its integrity were plans for continued interior remodelling. In recognition of its well-preserved architecture, the church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. More than seventy other buildings at over thirty-five locations, including twenty-eight other churches, were listed on the Register at the same time as part of the "Cross-Tipped Churches Thematic Resources", a collection of architecturally significant buildings related to the Missionaries of the Precious Blood in far western Ohio. The tall Gothic Revival towers of the many Catholic churches of this region, pioneered by that of St. Aloysius Church, have become this regions namesake: it is known as the "Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches."</p><br>
<h3>Current status</h3><br>
<p>St. Aloysius&#39; Church continues as an active parish of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati to the present day. It is part of the St. Henry Cluster, along with St. Bernard Parish in Burkettsville, St. Francis Parish in Cranberry Prairie, St. Henry Parish in St. Henry, and St. Wendelin Parish in St. Wendelin. The entire cluster is a part of the St. Marys Deanery.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>Hawkins Hall is a historic institutional building located on the campus of State University of New York at Plattsburgh at Plattsburgh in Clinton County, New York, USA. It was designed by the state architect William E. Haugaard and built in 1932. It is a two-story stone structure with five-story and two-story towers in the Late Gothic Revival style. The entrances feature large wooden paneled doors with semi-circular transoms. It was built for the state Normal School at Plattsburgh to replace a structure destroyed by fire in 1929. It is named for Dr. George Hawkins, who was principal of the Normal School from 1898 to 1932, in 1955.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Renovation</h2><br>
<p>Following its Construction in 1932, Hawkins did not undergo any substantial renovation for almost 60 years. The building fell into disrepair as the center of campus shifted southward towards the Angell College Center, Kehoe Administration Building and the new Feinberg Library. It was not until the early 1990s that any action was taken to help preserve and renovate the building. The project was undertaken in two stages. Phase I, begun in the summer of 1991, focused on the exterior of the building. This phase was followed by phase II, which focused on the renovation of the interior of the building and was begun in early 1997. Construction was undertaken in two stages. First the west side of the building was renovated, followed by comparable renovations being undertaken on the east side. These renovations also included work on the ventilation and heating systems in the building, the courtyards, and the E. Glenn Giltz Auditorium. The work on the building was completed six months ahead of schedule in early 1999. Hawkins has not undergone another major renovation since the completion of that project in 1999.</p><br>
<p>While the main building has not undergone a major renovation since 1999, the adjacent pond recently underwent a major renovation. The man made pond has existed since the construction of the original building in 1889, and had undergone several changes in the 125 years. The most recent renovation effort was substantial and changed the area around the pond as well. The liner of the pond was replaced and now allows the pond to be filled year round, allowing for ice skating in the winter months. The pond was given a new waterfall, and a floating fountain to complement its new liner. A new wetland area of the pond which can be used for academic study was also created. The area around the pond was ringed with stone from local quarries and the landscaping in the area seeks to "emulate the Adirondacks and Lake Champlain."</p><br>
<h2>Usage</h2><br>
<p>Following the completion of the renovation Hawkins hall began to enjoy a great deal more attention. While prior to renovations Hawkins class space had been underutilized, upon completion of renovations the building saw the number of students making use of its space increase markedly. It is now home to 6 different academic programs and the colleges honors program. The building has grown into a hub for students as it is home to numerous classes and offers students a place to relax and eat with the completion of the Einstein&#39;s bagel cafe</p><br>
<p>The Thomas and Maria Blackman Bartlett House  was built as a private house at the corner of Canton Center and Warren Roads. It was donated to Canton Township and relocated to its current site at 500 N. Ridge Road in Cherry Hill, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Bartlett House was originally constructed in a Greek Revival style, but in subsequent years has been updated with Victorian elements.</p><br>
<p>The house is a two-story wood structure with clapboard siding, shingle roof, and a cement block foundation faced with fieldstone. The main portion of the house has extensions to the side and rear. The front entry is flanked with pilasters and sheltered by a small porch with millwork and scrolled brackets. A large wrap-around porch (reconstructed from photographs) with wooden columns and balustrade runs from the front to the south facade. Windows are primarily four-over-four, with the exception of three six-over-six windows in the rear extension.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Thomas and Maria Blackman Bartlett settled in Canton Township in 1839. In 1867, Thomas and Maria&#39; son George Bartlett purchased the property. During the 19th century, the Bartletts added various enlargements were to the structure. In 1908, the farm and house were purchased by William and Martha Travis; their daughter Ella Rowe inherited the house in approximately 1924 and owned it until the mid-1950s. At that point, the house was purchased by Thomas Myers; it passed through the hands of John Darakijan and Kev Dividock, who donated the house to Canton Township. In 1989, the house was moved to its current location and placed on a new foundation. Restoration work to return the house to its c. 1900 appearance was begun in 1994 and finished in 2002. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The house is available for community rental.</p><br>
<p>Grove Farm is a historic agricultural site on Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>German immigrant Hermann A. Widemann (1822–1899) started one of the first sugarcane plantations in Hawaii known as Grove Farm in 1854.</p><br>
<p>During the American Civil War, the demand for Hawaii sugar grew, but Widemann supported the Confederate States.</p><br>
<p>After leasing Grove Farm to its manager George Norton Wilcox (1839–1933) in November 1864, Widemann moved to Honolulu to work in the capital as a supreme court judge. Wilcox would later buy the plantation, and it remained in the family for over 100 years.</p><br>
<p>Wilcox had an irrigation system built to bring water from the wet mountains to the flatter lower elevations where the crops were grown.</p><br>
<p>This idea was later copied by many other planters in the islands.</p><br>
<p>In 1881 Princess Ruth Keelikolani sold some adjoining land, which grew the acreage by about a factor of ten.</p><br>
<p>In 1903 the family hired Charles William Dickey to design a house for Ralph Wilcox and his wife Daisy Rice.</p><br>
<p>Dickey also supervised a renovation of the main house in 1915 which removed interior walls to create large open spaces.</p><br>
<p>From 1913 to 1917 a row of small houses were built for plantation workers. The houses were called Kaipu Camp after the Hawaiian name for a Chinese foreman of the plantation.</p><br>
<p>The main estate house has two bedrooms, writing room, two bathrooms, and a library on the first floor. A grand staircase leads up to the second floor which has more bedrooms. Behind the main house is a hexagonal gazebo styled after a Japanese teahouse, built in 1898. To the south is a guest cottage with two living areas from about 1890. Another single story cottage was built in 1877 for George Wilcox, and an office building was built in 1884. A number of support buildings include sheds and a garage.</p><br>
<p>Wilcox died in 1933, and the farm was left to nieces and nephews. This included the six children of his brother Samuel Wilcox (1847–1929) and Emma Lyman (1849–1943), daughter of missionary David Belden Lyman.</p><br>
<p>During World War II the farm started to diversify by growing other food crops to feed the growing population of the islands, including the military.</p><br>
<p>In 1948, Grove Farm purchased the 3,000 acre McBryde plantation which included the Koloa sugar mill.</p><br>
<p>By 1974, sugar production was leased to Alexander & Baldwin, while the company moved into residential and resort real estate operations.</p><br>
<p>The Wilcox estate was added to the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hawaii on June 25, 1974 as site 74000722. Its boundary was adjusted to total 81.79 acre on December 8, 1978, and site changed to 78003436.</p><br>
<p>The main house is now a private museum, the Grove Farm Sugar Plantation Museum, with tours by appointment.</p><br>
<p>It is located on Hawaii Route 58, known as Nawiliwili Road.</p><br>
<p>The narrow gauge Grove Farm Company Locomotives were stored in a warehouse just to the west in the area known as Puhi, also listed on the NRHP, and formerly owned by Mabel Wilcox.</p><br>
<p>Some of the restored trains can be ridden about once a month on the Lihue Plantation Railroad located at the site of the Lihue Plantation Sugar Mill nearby.</p><br>
<p>In the 1990s all sugarcane production ended in the area. A golf course designed for the former plantation called Puakea was partially built when Hurricane Iniki hit in 1992. It opened with ten holes in 1997. It has come to be a full, 18 hole golf course.</p><br>
<p>In 2000 Grove Farm was bought by Steve Case. In July 2001 he also bought the neighboring Lihue plantation, for a total of about 40,000 acre. Case&#39;s grandfather A. Hebard Case had worked on the plantation. He paid US$25 million and assumed $60 million of debt, but was sued by Wilcox family shareholders since his father had served as lawyer for the Grove Farm company. The lawsuit went to court but was dismissed in 2008. Case has proposed more development, characterized as green building.</p><br>
<p>The Starke County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Knox, Starke County, Indiana. It was designed by designed by the architectural firm of Wing & Mahurin, of Fort Wayne and built in 1897. It is a three-story, Richardsonian Romanesque style Indiana Oolitic limestone and terra cotta building. It has a Greek cross-plan and is topped by a tiled hipped roof. It features a 138 feet tall clock tower located at the roof&#39;s center.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Starke County was organized on April 1, 1850. County business was conducted in the log home of Jacob Tillman, the county treasurer. In 1851 a new courthouse was built for $475. The frame structure was on the southeast corner of Mound and Pearl Streets. A second courthouse was completed in 1863. It had colonial columns and a bell tower. It was the first located on the public square. The final cost was $20,000. Construction of the present courthouse started in 1897. The courthouse is in the Richardsonian Romanesque style.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1897 by contractors George W. Caldwell and Lester Drake, of Columbus, Indiana. Caldwell and Drake are best known for the West Baden Springs Hotel, which, at that time, had the largest dome in the world, and for the Palace of Agriculture at the St. Louis World&#39;s Fair, which was the largest building ever constructed under one roof at the time of its execution. The building is a fine example of the Richardsonian Romanesque style. The Starke County Courthouse is significant for its Richardsonian Romanesque architecture, designed by the firm of John F. Wing and Marshall S. Mahurin, of Fort Wayne, and for its role as the seat of county government for the past 89 years.</p><br>
<p>The building is the third county courthouse and is significant for its being the seat of county government for nearly 90 years. A wooden structure was utilized when Knox became the county seat in 1850, being replaced with a larger, brick building in 1858. The present structure was finished in 1898 at a cost of $130,000, and is the oldest civic building in the county.</p><br>
<p>The building continues to serve the Starke County community. The courthouse presently contains the offices for zoning, health, the Council on Aging, the Court Clerk, the law library, the Jury room, probation, and Judges&#39; Chambers, and the courtrooms.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the building is almost identical to the Ottawa County Courthouse in Port Clinton, Ohio. After visiting Starke county, the Ottawa county commissioners decided to utilize the same architectural plans, and the building was constructed in 1901.</p><br>
<h2>Main Façade</h2><br>
<p>The main façade is on the south. It has three bays with a central pavilion. The pavilion has a wall dormer. He main entrance is on the ground level and projects outward only for the first level. It is built of rock-faced stone blocks. The entryway has a balustrade balcony, on a corbel table, spanning a one-story entry with gargoyle light fixtures. Above the balcony is a two and one-half story round-arched window.</p><br>
<p>Flanking the central pavilion are single bays, with a pair of windows topped by a round arch at the ground level. At the second floor and above the walls are of rock-faced stone, with alternating courses of wide and narrow stones.</p><br>
<p>Although the third floor double-hung windows are round-arched, their heads are Gothic-arched, with rock-faced voussoirs and ornate springers. Four pilasters are located on the facade, at each corner and flanking the central pavilion. The roofline has stone pinnacles above each pilaster.</p><br>
<h2>Clock Tower</h2><br>
<p>From the center of the red, clay-tiled roof rises a square clock tower. It has two parts that are separated by a cornice and balustrade resembling the balcony over the main entrance. The lower section contains paired, deepset, compound, round-arched windows, divided horizontally into four lights. The springers are decorated. The cornice has gargoyle-like sculptures at each corner.</p><br>
<p>The upper section has an arcade beneath, the clock. It is made of dressed, course ashlar and has a hipped roof.</p><br>
<h2>Interior</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse interior has hardwood and ceramic-tiled floors, plaster and panel wall treatments, and ornate cornice and pilaster capitals. The staircase is accented by ornamental iron balusters, marble steps, and a patriotic ceiling painting of Liberty located between the first and second floors. Ionic capitals, with polychrome gilding, eagle, and shield are found on hall columns and pilasters.</p><br>
<p>SCCH Courthouse Square & Memorial 14-25-29 026.jpgStarke County Veterans Memorial and the Starke County Courthouse, Knox, Indiana.</p><br>
<p>SCCH South Facade 14-25-29 035.jpgSouth Facade of the Starke County Courthouse, Knox, Indiana.</p><br>
<p>SCCH Main Entrance 14-25-29 029.jpgMain Entrance, Starke County Courthouse, Knox, Indiana.</p><br>
<p>SCCH Veterans Mem 14-25-29 027.jpgStarke County Veterans Memorial and the Starke County Courthouse, Knox, Indiana.</p><br>
<h2>Bibliography</h2><br>
<p>McCormick, Chester A. McCormick&#39;s Guide to Starke County. 1902.</p><br>
<p>Richman, George J. History of Hancock County, Indiana. 1916. Greenfield, IN: Mitchell Publishing Company.</p><br>
<p>Standard History of Starke County, Indiana, A. Vol. 1. Chicago: The Lewis Publishing Company, 1915.</p><br>
<p>Starke County Centennial, 1850-1950. Published by the Starke County Democrat.</p><br>
<p>The Lake County Courthouse, in Crown Point, Indiana, is also referred to as the "Grand Old Lady". It is a combination of architectural styles, including Romanesque and Georgian. It was designed in 1878 by J. C. Cochran of Chicago, Illinois.</p><br>
<p>Lake County was organized in 1837 and a small log structure was used as the courthouse. At the time the county was created, three towns were vying to be the County Seat, Lake Court House (the name for Crown Point), Liverpool and West Point. In 1839 the County Commissioners picked Liverpool as the County Seat. Local dissatisfaction brought the state into the process and the following year, (1840) Lake Court House was selected. Solon Robinson and Judge William Clark, with County Agent George Earle gave a Lake Court House a new name. In 1868 the town was incorporated as Crown Point.</p><br>
<p>Meanwhile, in 1849 the log courthouse was replaced by a frame building at a cost of $10,000. By 1876 the frame courthouse was too small. A prominent Chicago architect designed a larger and more ornate building. The central portion, including the clock tower, was started in 1878 and dedicated in 1880. The cost was $52,000.00. The brick facade is made of local bricks from the Henry Wise brickyard. The towers were added in 1907 and dedicated in 1909. The additional cost was $160,000.00.</p><br>
<p>The Christ Episcopal Church was a historic building and former church in Joliet, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Episcopalian congregation in Joliet, Illinois formed in 1865 and was one of the first five congregations of the denomination in Illinois. The congregation required a larger church in the 1880s. Frank Shaver Allen was commissioned to build the church in 1884-1885. Allen was living in Streator and had designed several buildings there, including the City Hall. Allen moved to Joliet in 1887 and later constructed many other buildings, including Joliet Township High School. Allen was only 24 when he submitted his plans for the church&#39;s construction.</p><br>
<p>The building was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The church closed in 2004, and the congregation left for the St. Edward Church. A group of local investors purchased the building in 2006 for use as a concert hall. A fire on October 8, 2006 destroyed most of the building, and the fate of the land remains uncertain.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The church was 120 x and could seat seven hundred. The building also had a 50 x chapel on the west end. It was built with Joliet limestone, largely in the Gothic Revival style with some influence from the emerging Romanesque Revival. The parsonage expressed elements of the Queen Anne style. The bell tower at the junction of the parish and church features a castellated turret. The main aisle was not vaulted, but was instead was highly peaked with red oak strips. The altar and pews were also carved from red oak. The parish hall was remodeled in 1925.</p><br>
<p>The Stone Manor is a historic Italianate residence in Homer Glen, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Elijah D. Gorham moved to Homer Township in 1863. The lumber for the house was cut from the farmstead; other timber was traded for limestone from the Joliet Prison. Gorham later moved to rural Kansas and founded the town of Gorham. Ownership of the farm remained in Gorhams hands until his death in 1906. Gorhams widow sold the property to James D. Frazer. The Frazer family owned the residence until 1977. The house was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places on November 26, 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Stone Manor is an excellent local example of Italianate architecture. Representative of the style, the house is symmetrical and features arched windows and ornate trim. The two-story house is 26 x with a 18 x rear addition. The hipped roof was originally covered in wood shingles, but these have seen been replaced with asphalt ones. The exterior of the house is constructed with Joliet limestone blocks 19 in thick. The house was trimmed with wood harvested on the original farmstead. The building is capped with a 9 x cupola. Windows are 5 x and originally had shutters, which have since been replaced. The house sits on a full basement with a limestone slab floor. The first floor has six room and the second floor has five; the cupola and the attic provide additional interior space. A gable-roofed barn is found 40 ft behind the house.</p><br>
<p>The Dennis–State Streets Historic District is a residential historic district located on the south side of the city of Adrian in Lenawee County, Michigan. It was listed as a Michigan Historic Site on July 26, 1974. The district was later added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 14, 1975. On July 26, 1979, the historic district expanded its boundaries. This expansion, albeit consisting of only one additional property, required a separate listing on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The district is located just south of the Downtown Adrian Commercial Historic District and just east of M-52, known locally as Main Street. The district is bounded by Union Street on the north, a set of railroad tracks on the south, State Street on the east, and Dennis Street on the west. West Michigan Street also runs through the district. The boundaries of the historic district include all properties fronting on both sides of the streets. Four years after the district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, one additional property was added. The George L. Bidwell Mansion, known today as the Burnham Historical Building, at 204 East Church Street, which is outside the rectangular boundaries of the historic district, was added as a contributing property on July 26, 1979. It was the only property added during this boundary extension.</p><br>
<p>There are a total of 80 residential structures included as contributing properties within the district. While the area was first settled as early as 1826, some of the oldest surviving structures date back to the 1844, when the district was platted.</p><br>
<p>Originally known as "Berrys Southern Addition," this district was platted in 1844 by Langford and Ambrose Berry on land that they purchased from the estate of 1826 pioneers Adeline and Elias Dennis. Several of the homes in the neighborhood date to the 1840s, when Adrian was linked by railroad to Toledo (1836), Tecumseh (1838), Monroe (1840), and Hudson (1843), and became the sixth largest city in Michigan. Because of the neighborhoods ideal location, within walking distance to Adrian&#39;s commercial center, churches, and social orders, as well as its factories and rail lines, over time many early homes were either redecorated or torn down and replaced with homes of newer styles.</p><br>
<p>This neighborhood is worth exploring first and foremost because it contains many beautifully maintained homes that were built in a broad range of popular nineteenth- and early twentieth-century architectural styles. The main features of these styles are touched upon in a and elaborated on elsewhere within. The district is also worth exploring because it is an extremely compact area that is easily walked and pleasantly secluded from heavy automobile traffic—the result of the city truncating Dennis Street to make more room for its "modern" city hall in 1971 (demolished in 2010). Within a half mile of the Lenawee County Historical Museum, one can find homes built in both the Octagon and Foursquare forms as well as in the Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate, Italian Villa, Second Empire, Queen Anne, Richardsonian Romanesque, Shingle, Colonial Revival, Classical Revival, Craftsman, and Modern styles.</p><br>
<p>Finally, the neighborhood is worth exploring since several well-known figures once called this neighborhood home. Among them are:</p><br>
<p>The inventor Thomas Edison, who worked briefly in 1864 as the telegraph operator at the city&#39;s railroad depot. He boarded at the Chittenden House at 322 State Street, where the Queen Anne-style Metcalf-Shierson house stands today.</p><br>
<p>Henry Ford&#39;s brother-in-law Samuel W. Raymond, who owned Raymond Ford Garage at 215 North Main Street and lived at 449 State Street.</p><br>
<p>J. Wallace Page, the inventor of woven wire fence and owner of Page Woven Wire Fence Company, who lived at 510 State Street.</p><br>
<p>W. H. Burnham, President of Lamb Fence Company, who lived at 204 East Church Street. This home was also, earlier, the residence of banker W. H. Waldby and, even earlier, of clothing merchant George L. Bidwell, who had the home built during the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>Ollie E. Mott, owner of Nu-Way Stretch Suspender Company, who lived at 312 State Street.</p><br>
<p>Isabella and William Cocker, who were beneficiaries of Elihu L. Clark&#39;s estate estimated to be worth three quarters of a million dollars when Clark died in 1880. They lived at 312 Dennis Street.</p><br>
<p>Three generations of the Stevenson family, dealers in lumber and coal on Division Street, including Archimedes Stevenson who lived at 305 Dennis Street, his son Frank A. Stevenson who lived at 327 Dennis Street, and Frank&#39;s son William H. Stevenson who lived at 311 Dennis Street.</p><br>
<p>Both owners of Hart & Shaw Drugstore, which was located on the southwest corner of Main and Maumee streets, including Byron Shaw, who lived at 304 Dennis Street, and Samuel Hart who lived at 430 Dennis Street before moving to 417 State Street.</p><br>
<p>J. H. Champion, Editor of the Adrian Watchtower newspaper, who lived at 523 Winter Street.</p><br>
<p>The John Edwards House is a historic building in the village of Leipsic in Putnam County, Ohio, United States. Located at 305 W. Main Street,</p><br>
<p>In 1861, Thomas and Isabella Edwards began farming a short distance east of Leipsic. As their four sons grew to manhood, they entered local industry in 1886, and their Buckeye Stove Company soon became one of the most prosperous corporations in the rural Black Swamp of northwestern Ohio. By the mid-1890s, the company was one of the largest landowners in Defiance, Henry, and Putnam counties, and the wealth it produced enabled one of the Edwards brothers to build a mansion on Leipsic&#39;s west side.</p><br>
<p>John Edwards paid approximately $21,000 to construct his Leipsic house in 1894. Built with brick walls and a slate roof, this Late Victorian mansion was ornamented with elements such as elaborate stencilling, molds of the heads of lions, and embossed gold.</p><br>
<p>In 1978, the Edwards House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places because of its well-preserved historic architecture. It is one of two Leipsic places on the Register, along with the former Leipsic Village Hall. One year prior to listing on the Register, the house was purchased by Harriett Gamper, an Edwards descendent, and donated to the village of Leipsic for conversion into a library. Today, the house is the location of the Leipsic Edwards Gamper Memorial Library; it is a part of the Putnam County District Library system.</p><br>
<p>Saint Elizabeth&#39;s Church, also known as the Old Stone Church, is a historic church located at 302 East Chicago Boulevard  in downtown Tecumseh in Lenawee County, Michigan. It was designated as a Michigan Historic Site on May 8, 1986 and later added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 13, 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Saint Elizabeth&#39;s Church housed the first Catholic church built in the Protestant dominated Tecumseh. Amid controversy, the Catholic church was built in 1913 with stone hauled from nearby fields by parishioner. When church membership outgrew the original structure, the congregation moved to a new facility in 1952. The Church of Christ purchased the building in 1954 but vacated by 1972 to a larger facility themselves. From 1976–1982, the building served a commercial function as a stained glass studio. In 1982, the city of Tecumseh purchased and restored the building for the Historical Society of Tecumseh.</p><br>
<p>The building was formally dedicated as the Tecumseh Area Historical Museum in 1986 and continues to serve that purpose.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Saint Elizabeth&#39;s Church is a small Gothic Revival church located one block east of the Tecumseh Downtown Historic District and across East Chicago Boulevard from the Dr. Samuel Catlin House.</p><br>
<p>Steine House is the former residence of Maria Fitzherbert, mistress and wife of the Prince Regent, in the centre of Brighton, part of the English city of Brighton and Hove. Designed in 1804 by William Porden, who was responsible for many buildings on the Princes Royal Pavilion estate, it was used by Fitzherbert until her death 33 years later. Regular rebuilding has affected the appearance of the house since 1805, when it was damaged by a storm; more changes took place in 1884, when the YMCA bought it, and the building was "cruelly treated" by a refronting and extension in 1927. The YMCA continue to use the building, on Brightons Old Steine next to Marlborough House, as a 65-person hostel. The extensive alterations have reduced its architectural importance, but the building has been listed at Grade II by English Heritage for its historical connections.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Prince Regent (later King George IV) was one of the earliest and most important regular visitors to Brighton in its early years as a resort. It was transformed from a small fishing village after about 1750 when sea-bathing and drinking seawater became fashionable and popular, on the advice of influential local doctor Richard Russell. The Princes first visit to the town, in 1783 at the age of 21, lasted 11 days and attracted thousands of people eager to see both him and the sights which had attracted him. The following year, he stayed for ten weeks of the summer to take the water cure. He visited again in 1785—the same year as he met and fell in love with Maria Fitzherbert, a widowed Roman Catholic. They married (illegally, against the provisions of the Royal Marriages Act 1772) in December 1785, and she first visited Brighton the following year. At first, she stayed in a house whose site is believed to be near the present North Gate of the Royal Pavilion; a terrace of nine houses, Marlborough Row, existed there until 1820, when all but one were demolished when the Royal Pavilion estate was redeveloped. (The surviving house, number 8, is now called North Gate House and stands alongside the North Gate.) Even when the Royal Pavilion, the Princes Brighton residence, was completed in 1787, the couple never stayed in the same house together. Under pressure to undertake a legal marriage to produce an heir, they divorced in 1794 and the Prince married Caroline of Brunswick; but they soon separated, and in June 1800 Mrs Fitzherbert and the Prince were reunited.</p><br>
<p>The royal couple sought a site for a permanent home for Mrs Fitzherbert, and in 1804 she commissioned the Princes favoured architect William Porden to design and build a house on the west side of Old Steine, next to Marlborough House, to replace a Mr Tuppens lodging house. His design included a large colonnade across the front in an Egyptian style; this only lasted until the next year, when a storm destroyed it. He redesigned the façade in the Italianate style instead, with verandahs on both storeys. Maria Fitzherbert lived at Steine House until her death on 27 March 1837, after which she was buried at St John the Baptists Church, Brightons oldest surviving Roman Catholic church. Throughout her life in Brighton, she was treated extremely well by high society (statesman and writer John Wilson Croker remarked that "one reason why she may like this place is that she is treated as queen, at least of Brighton"), and for the first few decades of the 19th century Steine House was the second most important house in Brighton after the Royal Pavilion.</p><br>
<p>Steine House passed through several private owners after 1837, and finally passed out of residential use in the early 1860s when William Forder, a judge, sold it. At this time, a blocked staircase was discovered leading down from the cellar; false rumours abounded that a secret tunnel had been built between the house and the Royal Pavilion, and that the staircase led to this tunnel. It is considered more likely that the stairs gave access to Brighton&#39;s sewer network. The building was converted into the Civil and United Services Club, a social club, which required major internal renovations</p><br>
<p>In 1884, the building was bought by the YMCA. and all remaining internal features except a staircase and a possibly original first-floor chapel were removed or altered. An Earl of Barrymore once rode a horse up the cast-iron staircase, built to imitate bamboo, to win a bet.</p><br>
<p>Steine House survived an attempt in 1964 to demolish it and replace it with offices, shops and a showroom. It is still owned by the YMCA, and functions as a 65-capacity short-term hostel.</p><br>
<p>Steine House was listed at Grade II by English Heritage on 13 October 1952. As of February 2001, it was one of 1,124 Grade II-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove. The listing has been granted on the basis of the building&#39;s historical worth rather than its architectural quality, reflecting the negative effects of the frequent alterations.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The work done to Steine House in 1927, which drastically changed its appearance, has been universally condemned: historians have described the building as being "cruelly treated", "sadly transformed" and "disastrously refronted". It now presents a façade of grey-painted brick with some stucco work. The roof is modern and in the mansard style. The building has two storeys and an extra half-storey above.</p><br>
<p>The façade, facing east on to Old Steine, was partly set forward during the 1927 work, and dates solely from that time. There are three straight-headed windows to the upper storey, and two flanking the entrance porch. The corners of the porch have pilasters topped with spheres. The ground-floor windows have small corbels underneath them and architraves above. The windows on the upper floor open out on to a balcony which is formed by the top of the projecting ground floor; this has four short piers with ironwork between them. The top floor is an attic with a single centrally placed dormer window.</p><br>
<p>Inside, most of Pordens intricately designed cast-iron staircase survives. It has fretwork decoration and a balustrade, also made of cast iron, in the style of the staircases in the Royal Pavilion, and was intended to look like bamboo. Also partly surviving, but without its original walls, is Maria Fitzherberts oval-shaped private chapel on the first floor. No other original interior features are still in place.</p><br>
<p>The Sauganash Historic District is a historic district which includes the Sauganash Park suburban development, located in North Side, Chicago, Illinois.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>It is roughly bounded by Lemont and Keating Avenues, the Chicago and Northwestern Railway tracks, and the alley to the east of Kilbourn Avenue.</p><br>
<p>The NRHP historic district includes 468 contributing structures and 141 non-contributing ones.</p><br>
<p>The Old Treaty Elm, said to be the site where the Indian Treaty of 1835 was signed, stood near the southernmost point of the District until 1933. A commemorative plaque now marks the site.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The district was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places on June 7, 2010.</p><br>
<p>The Dr. Leonard Hall House was a private resident located at 334 West Main Street  in Hudson in westernmost Lenawee County, Michigan. It was designated as a Michigan Historic Site on April 4, 1978 and later added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 2, 1978.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was constructed in 1847 by wealthy physician Dr. Leonard Hall, who was one of the earliest pioneers in Hudson. Hall was born in 1806 in upstate New York, and completed his medical training 1834. The following year, he established a practice in rural Lenawee County. In 1840, he married Nancy Wells and relocated to Hudson. The Hall family maintained ownership for quite some time until the house was sold to the city, where it was torn down in recent years to make room for commercial development.</p><br>
<p>A strip mall now occupies the vicinity, and an unrelated war memorial rests on the property of the former Dr. Leonard Hall House. The house was located on the edge of the Hudson Downtown Historic District. Though demolished, it is still officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is the only historic listings in Lenawee County to have been demolished.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house was a wooden 1½ story, front-gabled Gothic Revival structure with vertical siding and batten siding. The steeply pitched roof had prominent scalloped and gingerbreaded bargeboards under the eaves, with a kingpost and beams ornamenting the gable. The front facade had an asymmetrical front porch with turned wood columns and spindle railings. The small front doorway was flanked with four-pane sidelights. The remainder of the windows were double hung with hood molds.</p><br>
<p>On the interior, the first floor was symmetric about the central entrance hall, with a front parlor, dining room, and library on one side and a bedroom and adjoining bath on the other. The second floor was remodeled into a small apartment.</p><br>
<p>Lag Prau Pulté is a lake at Flims in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland.</p><br>
<p>This lake falls completely dry in autumn and remains empty until being filled by growing underground flows depending on temperatures and snow melt rate in the mountains. During a cold period in spring, water that entered the dell of this lake may disappear again as snow melt decreases and all water remains in the underground flow. As soon as the basin is finally filled, a small river of just about half a mile in length (falling some 100 meters in level) will start flowing around May. Its destination is another lake, Lag Tuleritg, which is fed by this river in spring, disappearing in autumn and staying dry all winter. Due to its origin the water of both lakes remains grey all summer until the level starts to go down in autumn. In Lag Prau Pulté one can see another special effect caused by air being forced out of the underground, causing the lake not only to remain grey but offering frequent bubbles on the surface.</p><br>
<p>Because its proximity it is very likely that the water from Lag Tuleritg continues underground to Caumasee, although no experiments using colour was ever to prove this.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>Hermann Anliker: Schweizer Heimatbücher: Flims; Haupt-Verlag, Bern 1961</p><br>
<p>Sina Semadeni-Bezzola: Waldhaus Flims, Werner Classen-Verlag, Zürich 1976</p><br>
<p>Emil Kirchen: Wenn der Berg stürzt: das Bergsturzgebiet zwischen Chur und Ilanz - Chur: Terra Grischuna, cop. 1993.</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church of Hartford City is a Presbyterian church in Hartford City, Indiana, United States. The edifice is the oldest church building in a small city that at one time was a bustling community with as many as ten glass factories – and over 20 saloons. Located at the corner of High and Franklin Streets, the church is part of the Hartford City Courthouse Square Historic District. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>Construction of the house of worship began in 1892 and was completed in 1893. The church building is considered one of the city’s best examples of the Richardsonian Romanesque style of architecture. One aspect of the building that makes it particularly notable is its windows. The church features massive stained glass windows that were hand-crafted in Belgium and assembled by local glass workers originally from that country.</p><br>
<p>At the time the church was constructed, the region was undergoing substantial economic growth related to the discovery of natural gas, and this period is known as the Indiana Gas Boom. Most of the city’s distinctive buildings within its Courthouse Square Historic District were built during that period, including both buildings listed in the National Register of Historic Places—the Blackford County Courthouse and the First Presbyterian Church.</p><br>
<h2>Presbyterians in Hartford City</h2><br>
<p>In the 1840s, the community that would eventually be named Hartford City was still named Hartford. Methodists had been holding Christian religious services in the area since the 1830s. A second branch of Christianity came to the area on December 18, 1843, when the Presbyterian Church of Hartford was founded by a group of thirteen people and the Reverend Samuel N. Steel. The community&#39;s original Presbyterian church building was built on the southeast edge of the village in 1844, and was located on Mulberry Street, between Water and Washington Streets. Hartford was a small, unincorporated farming community at that time, and farm land was only two blocks away from the church. The church was renamed Blackford Presbyterian Church in 1853. That name was short-lived, as the church became known as the Presbyterian Church of Hartford (again) in 1855.</p><br>
<p>Today, the church’s original Mulberry Street location is about two blocks from the current courthouse square of the city of Hartford City. Hartford was renamed Hartford City in the 1850s when it was discovered that a community named Hartford already existed in Indiana. The renamed community grew enough to incorporate as a town in 1857. The Presbyterian congregation was also growing, although the church had yet to keep the same minister for more than three years. Members of the church’s congregation included “some of the county’s most respected citizens”, with surnames such as Willman, Gable, Reasoner, Fulton, Emshwiller, Woolard, Sanderson, and McEldowney. (The area’s first settler was Benjamin Reasoner).</p><br>
<p>As the house of worship became more crowded, the ladies of the congregation began a fund for a new church. On March 7, 1868, the Presbyterians purchased a lot on the north side of Hartford City at the corner of High and Franklin Streets, not far from the location of a Methodist church used in the 1840s. The lot cost $150. A new wood-frame Presbyterian Church was quickly constructed. Labor for construction was donated by the church members and friends. The new church was larger and better-furnished than the previous church, and was heated with two stoves. However, within the next two decades, overcrowding again became a problem. Members of the congregation were unwilling to go deep into debt for a new structure, but they began to work to acquire the financial resources necessary to achieve their goal of a larger house of worship.</p><br>
<p>The women of the church’s congregation again played a major role in fundraising for a new church building, with various projects and clubs. Among the fundraising groups were the Sewing Circle, the Reading Circle, and the Aftermath Society. In 1883, an additional group was established with the extensive name of "The Woman&#39;s Home and Foreign Missionary Society of Hartford City, Muncie Presbytery, Auxiliary to the Northwest Branches of the Presbyterian Church." That organization, which started with 6 members, had as many as 80 members and guests at meetings within the year. Putting 80 people in perspective, the whole town had a population of just 1,470 in 1880.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>By July 1893, the new church building was completed. The well-attended Sunday dedication ceremony (July 9, 1893) included the Reverend Charles H. Payne, a noted New York divine, in addition to visitors from nearby cities and towns. At the crowded dedication, it was announced that $5,000 would be needed to pay off all debt on the building. A total of $4,809 in donations was pledged at that time. Later that evening, additional funds were donated, and the grand total for the day was $5,529. Among the donors were five individuals that pledged $300 each, plus one group (Aftermath Society) also pledged $300. Thus, the church was free of debt. The building was considered expensive for the time, costing over $10,000. However, the congregation&#39;s years of planning and generosity were rewarded with a debt-free structure that was considered a grand achievement. The church had two main rooms: the sanctuary on the west side of the building, and an east-side lecture room.</p><br>
<p>The old wood-frame church was not abandoned. It was rented for a few years and used for storage. Sometime prior to 1895, it was deconstructed again – and moved to the south side of town. The wood-frame building served as the location for a mission Sunday School, and attendance averaged 30 to 40 students each Sunday.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>Alec Gable, the architect that designed Hartford City’s First Presbyterian Church, incorporated many of these typical Richardson features in the church’s blueprint. The building’s exterior is brick trimmed with limestone – a mixing of exterior textures typical of the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style. Indiana is famous for its limestone, which has been used in monuments, universities, and government buildings found throughout the United States. The church’s main façade is gabled with a round-arched doorway and a large stained-glass window. A square bell tower, located on the northwest corner, divides the north and west sides of the building. The top of the tower is steep-pitched, pyramid-shaped, and crowned with a Christian cross. These are more characteristics typical of Richardson’s designs. The corners of the tower form piers that rise above the base of the roof, and each pier has a circular cap that slopes to a ball-tipped point.</p><br>
<p>The west side of the structure (see photo herein), which houses the main (High Street) entrance to the sanctuary (located at the base of the bell tower), features an enormous stained glass window surrounded with narrow brick buttresses topped with limestone. Additional buttresses, similar in appearance but slightly lower in height, are located on both sides of the southwest corner of the building. The circular window, known as a rose window, is similar to the style of the circular windows found in European cathedrals. The Cathedral Basilica of St Denis and the Chartres Cathedral are examples of the rose window in Europe.</p><br>
<p>The original north (Franklin Street) side of the building (see photo herein) has two gabled sections. The section located next to the bell tower contains a large stained glass window exceeded in size only by the enormous window on the west side. Both of the large (west side and north side) windows are visible from inside the church’s sanctuary. Another gabled section on the north side, further to the east from the tower, is the location for the Franklin Street entrance to the building – and more stained glass windows.</p><br>
<h3>Stained glass</h3><br>
<p>Belgium is the site of multiple examples of Western European cathedral architecture. Examples include the St. Michael and St. Gudula Cathedral, Cathedral of Our Lady, the Our Lady of Flanders’ Cathedral of Tournai, and others. During the 19th century, Belgium also contributed significantly to the revival of architecture from the Middle Ages. The works of countymen Jean-Baptiste Capronnier in stained glass, and Baron Bethune in architecture, are especially noteworthy. An American example of Capronnier’s work with stained glass can be found in the “parable window” in the First Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia.</p><br>
<p>Belgium was the world’s top exporter of glass during the 19th century, and was considered one of the leading makers of flat glass. Belgian craftsman, such as Fourcault and Bicheroux, continued the Belgian glassmaking excellence by making significant contributions to glassmaking processes during the beginning of the 20th century. This technological advantage enabled Belgium to be the top exporter of plate and polished glass to the United States during the early 20th century before World War I.</p><br>
<p>During the Middle Ages, stained glass windows and other artwork were often used in churches to educate the illiterate. Poor Man&#39;s Bible is the term that eventually was used to describe artwork used in this manner. Some windows used literal scenes from the Christian Bible, while other windows used symbolism to represent the Bible’s teachings. The many stained glass windows in Hartford City’s Presbyterian Church carry on this tradition with both Biblical scenes and symbolism.</p><br>
<p>At first glance, the huge window on the church’s west wall (see High Street photo) appears to be an elaborate geometric design without obvious Christian symbols. Instead, the window is full of symbolism. The circular portion at the top of the window is called a rose window. This type of stained glass window was popular in Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals. The west portico of the Tournai Cathedral is an example of a rose window in Belgium. The Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France, is another example of a cathedral with a rose window on the western facade. The west side location is typical for a rose window, and it enables the afternoon sunlight to enhance the beauty of the window for the viewer inside the structure. During the 19th and 20th centuries, rose windows were often dedicated to the Virgin Mary, the mother of Jesus. The center of the rose window in Hartford City’s First Presbyterian Church, with its gold ring, represents Christ as the center “light”. “Christ” is surrounded by twelve objects – the twelve disciples. Below the rose are four lancets that represent the four gospel writers. It should also be noted that this window, typically dedicated to the mother of Christ during the 19th century, is a memorial to its sponsor’s mother – and follows tradition by its location on the western side of the church.</p><br>
<p>While the church’s western window contains some feminine symbology – the other large window, located on the north side, is masculine with a crown symbolizing Jesus Christ the King. More examples of messages contained in the church’s stained glass windows are listed below, and can be found in the various photos herein.</p><br>
<p>A simple nativity of Jesus scene including the Star of Bethlehem.</p><br>
<p>A crown of thorns with a broken cross symbolizing the crucifixion of Jesus.</p><br>
<p>The traditional Holy Grail symbolizing communion.</p><br>
<h2>Additions and enhancements</h2><br>
<p>The new building renewed interest in the Presbyterian Church. Membership in 1895 grew to 253, and Sunday school enrollment was over 300. Over the first one hundred years, minor changes were made to the church, including moving doorways and modifications to the sanctuary. For example, notice the door on the south side of the west wall on the right side of the pre-1910 picture herein (Construction section). A picture of the church from a publication dated 1895 also shows the south door. The door no longer exists, as can be seen in the west wall (High Street side) picture from 2010 (Architecture section). The door must have been removed early in “life” of the building, since a postcard of the church dated circa 1910 also does not have the south door on the west wall.</p><br>
<p>One of the first modifications to the interior of the church was the enlargement of the pulpit and choir platform. This was done to accommodate a larger choir. The platform was enlarged again in 1912, when the church purchased a pipe organ.</p><br>
<p>During the 1920s, Sunday School attendance peaked at 500. Because of the larger number of attendees of the Sunday School classes, it was proposed to add a building to the east end of the church’s property. However, concerns about debt caused that plan to be abandoned, and replaced with a lower-cost plan. The plan involved closing off the east lecture room, and was implemented in the early 1930s. The result was a balcony on the east side of the sanctuary and six class rooms. A few years later, in 1936, the sanctuary was completely redecorated.</p><br>
<p>The 1930s and 1940s marked some of the peak years of the church’s attendance. Newer generations of the city’s prominent names from the church’s 19th century membership, such as Emshwiller, Fulton, Gable and Willman, continued to be part of the church’s congregation. The congregation was also well represented in the city’s important glass industry, with surnames such as Crimmel (Sneath Glass Company) and Fulton (Fulton Glass Company). Membership during the 1940s was as high as 438. The last major change to the church structure was made in 1959, when construction began for an east wing. Currently, the bell (see photo herein) from the bell tower rests on the ground on the south side of the building. The bell was removed from the tower because of safety concerns and to reduce strain on the tower structure.</p><br>
<h3>Pipe organ</h3><br>
<h3>East wing</h3><br>
<p>A two-story flat-roofed structure was added to the east side of the church in 1960. The addition was named Westminster Fellowship Hall, and its purpose was for fellowship and Christian education. Planning and fund-raising began in the spring of 1958. This was the only large-scale expansion of the church, and construction began with a groundbreaking ceremony in August 1959. Dr. John W. Halsey, pastor of the church, and other members of the congregation took turns with a symbolic shoveling of the earth. The total cost of the expansion was approximately $85,000.</p><br>
<h2>Present congregation</h2><br>
<p>As of 2008, the church’s congregation has 122 members. The Reverend David Smith is the current (2010) pastor. While the recent membership total reflects a decline from the pre-World War II peak years, it represents a small increase from earlier in the decade. The city’s population has declined since the 1970s, as the region has suffered from the effects of a troubled American auto industry. However, Hartford City’s First Presbyterian Church is still “a monument of which they may be justly proud.” The church conducts services in the city’s historic district, in a historic building, located on land purchased in 1868. Situated at the corner of Franklin and High Streets, much of the church building looks the same as the outstanding structure constructed in 1892 and 1893. The edifice has existed in three different centuries – may it continue into a fourth.</p><br>
<p>Castle Dome, or Castle Dome Peak is a prominent butte and high point of the Castle Dome Mountains northeast of Yuma, Arizona, in the northwestern Sonoran Desert.</p><br>
<p>The butte lies approximately 22 mi east of the historical Castle Dome Landing of the Colorado River (site submerged by the Imperial Reservoir). It is located above and east of US Route 95 and the Castle Dome mining district.</p><br>
<p>Castle Dome is noteworthy for its recreational use for day hiking. It is also often coated in winter or spring snowstorms as a white landform, with its loss of white being determined by season and duration of storm temperatures. Castle Dome&#39;s height is 3,788 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Mining and minerals</h2><br>
<p>Some noteworthy minerals from the Castle Dome Mountains region are vanadinite, wulfenite, baryte, and fluorite.</p><br>
<h2>Trails and unimproved road trails</h2><br>
<p>Some of the local trails are: King Valley Road, McPherson Pass Trail, Big Eye Wash Trail, Castle Dome Mountains, and Kofa Queen Canyon Trail.</p><br>
<p>Rialto Theatre, also known as the Miller and Washington Block, is a historic commercial block and theatre located at Monticello in Sullivan County, New York. It was built in 1921 and the theatre was developed as part of a commercial block which incorporated three storefronts and a restaurant occupying the entire second floor. The block is two stories tall and a broad six bays wide, constructed of brick. The theatre auditorium extended 136 feet to the rear and constructed of parged concrete. The former lobby is occupied by a storefront. The auditorium was demolished in 2003. The theater&#39;s marquee was removed during renovations in 2012, supposedly because it was deteriorated, when "workers pulled it apart in pieces and junked it," according to a published account.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>Shelburne Playhouse is a historic theatre located at Ferndale in Sullivan County, New York. It was built in 1922 as part of a small resort known as the Shelburne Hotel and used as the hotel social hall. It is a long, rectangular wood-frame building, 95 feet long and 35 feet wide. It consists of two components: a large five-by-four-bay structure that houses the main seating area / dance hall and a slightly lower three-by-one-bay entrance pavilion. The building is coated in stucco with applied wooden battens and a surmounted by a gable roof in the Tudor Revival style.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. With Maurice Gerry, Allan Bérubé (1946–2007) coordinated its restoration and initiated its being placed on the New York State and national register.</p><br>
<p>Hessinger Store was a historic general store located at Callicoon Center in Sullivan County, New York. It was built in 1840 and demolished in April 2011.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The building was a general store, but also functioned as a post office, dance hall, and hotel / rooming house. It was a large wood frame building constructed in four phases over a 20 to 50 year period starting about 1840. It was built of heavy timber, post and beam construction and built into a hillside on a stone foundation. The largest section was the -story center section. The second floor of the south wing originally served as a Masonic hall and features a barrel vaulted ceiling.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>After the Hessingers sold the building, it went through a succession of at least three owners, who failed to keep the building in good repair. Eventually the building became dilapidated and rodent-infested.</p><br>
<p>In December 2010, the town of Calicoon decided to demolish the building. After a brief court battle the dilapidated building was demolished in April 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Town and Country Building  and New Lyric Theatre ) is a historic commercial building located at Liberty in Sullivan County, New York.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It was built in about 1890 as a combination meeting hall and retail space and has been occupied by a series of stores, theatres, and social groups. The last substantive exterior renovation was about 1950 when it received the current Art Moderne facade. The building consists of two large rectangular blocks. The front block is two and one half stories tall and seven bays deep, surmounted by a gable roof. The rear block was built about 1950 and is one and one half stories tall, five bays deep, constructed of concrete block and surmounted by a broad gable roof. The Town and Country Mens and Boys Clothing Store occupied the storefront for 50 years until the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. Allan Bérubé (1946–2007) helped to save the building.</p><br>
<p>Arlington Hotel is a historic hotel located at Narrowsburg in Sullivan County, New York. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 31, 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History and features</h2><br>
<p>The Arlington Hotel was built in 1894. It was initially operated by J.G. Gutheil.</p><br>
<p>During the 1890s, the hotel accommodated adventurers and explorers including J. Wallace Hoff of Delaware who later spoke highly of the hospitality and attractive waitresses.</p><br>
<p>During the 1920s, businessman George Oellrich bought the hotel for use as a general store.</p><br>
<p>The hotel is a four-story frame structure, five bays wide and three bays deep. The upper three stories are covered in clapboard and the first floor in modern wood siding and permastone. It features a second story porch that spans the south facade.</p><br>
<h2>Delaware Valley Arts Alliance</h2><br>
<p>The building now serves as the Delaware Valley Arts Alliance. The DVAA offers two art galleries, a gift shop, performing arts and cultural programs, in addition to serving as the Arts Council for Sullivan County and providing grant funds for arts nonprofits and individual artists.</p><br>
